Alkeran 2mg Tablet (Melphalan): Comprehensive Medicine Guide
Clinical Reference Standards: CDSCO (Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation), Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP) & WHO | Last Updated: September 2026
When to Call Your Doctor IMMEDIATELY
- Fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher, chills, or sore throat
- Unusual bleeding or bruising, such as nosebleeds, gum bleeding, or blood in urine or stool
- Shortness of breath, cough, or chest pain
- Severe nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea that does not stop
- Yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, or severe abdominal pain
- Rash, itching, swelling of the face, lips, or throat, or difficulty breathing
- Extreme fatigue or weakness that interferes with daily activities
If experiencing severe symptoms, call emergency services immediately.
What is alphalan 2mg tablet used for?
This medicine is an oral chemotherapy tablet containing melphalan 2 mg. It is used to treat multiple myeloma, ovarian cancer, and certain other cancers. It works by damaging the DNA of cancer cells, preventing them from dividing. It must be taken under the supervision of an oncologist, and regular blood tests are essential because it can lower blood cell counts.
- Generic Name: Melphalan (2mg)
- Manufacturer: Natco Pharma Ltd
- Form: Allopathy
- Pregnancy Category: Consult doctor
- Prescription Required: Yes
🇮🇳 alphalan 2mg tablet के बारे में (Hindi Summary)
उपयोग: यह दवा मेल्फलान 2 मिलीग्राम की एक ओरल कीमोथेरेपी टैबलेट है। इसका उपयोग मल्टीपल मायलोमा, ओवेरियन कैंसर और कुछ अन्य कैंसर के इलाज में किया जाता है। यह कैंसर कोशिकाओं के डीएनए को नुकसान पहुंचाकर उन्हें बढ़ने और विभाजित होने से रोकती है। यह दवा केवल कैंसर रोग विशेषज्ञ की देखरेख में ही लेनी चाहिए। इलाज के दौरान नियमित रूप से खून की जांच कराना बहुत जरूरी है क्योंकि यह दवा रक्त कोशिकाओं की संख्या को कम कर सकती है।
साइड इफेक्ट्स: इस दवा के आम दुष्प्रभावों में मतली, उल्टी, भूख न लगना, दस्त, मुंह के छाले और बालों का झड़ना शामिल हैं। कई मरीजों को थकान और कमजोरी महसूस होती है। यह दवा अस्थि मज्जा को दबा सकती है, जिससे सफेद रक्त कोशिकाओं की संख्या कम हो जाती है (संक्रमण का खतरा बढ़ जाता है), प्लेटलेट्स कम हो जाती हैं (खून बहने का खतरा बढ़ जाता है), और एनीमिया हो सकता है। गंभीर दुष्प्रभावों में गंभीर संक्रमण, असामान्य रक्तस्राव या चोट लगना शामिल है। दुर्लभ मामलों में यह फेफड़ों, लीवर को नुकसान पहुंचा सकती है या दूसरा कैंसर हो सकता है। अगर आपको कोई भी दुष्प्रभाव परेशान करता है, तो तुरंत डॉक्टर से संपर्क करें।
सुरक्षा सलाह: यह दवा केवल योग्य कैंसर रोग विशेषज्ञ की देखरेख में ही लें। इसे किसी और के साथ साझा न करें। खून की जांच के सभी अपॉइंटमेंट लें। संक्रमण वाले लोगों से दूर रहें और हाथों की सफाई का ध्यान रखें। इस दवा को लेते समय कोई भी लाइव वैक्सीन न लगवाएं। गर्भावस्था से बचने के लिए प्रभावी गर्भनिरोधक उपाय करें। स्तनपान न कराएं। गोलियों को संभालते समय सावधानी बरतें और छूने के बाद हाथ धोएं। दवा को मूल कंटेनर में कमरे के तापमान पर रखें। अगर आपको बुखार, ठंड लगना, गले में खराश, असामान्य रक्तस्राव या चोट लगने का अनुभव हो, तो तुरंत डॉक्टर से संपर्क करें। डॉक्टर की सलाह के बिना दवा लेना बंद न करें।
💊 alphalan 2mg tablet Uses & Benefits
- [{"condition":"Multiple myeloma","description":"This medicine is used to treat multiple myeloma, a cancer of plasma cells.
- It is often used in combination with other medicines such as prednisone or bortezomib, or as part of high-dose therapy before stem cell transplant.","evidence":"Well-established"},{"condition":"Ovarian cancer","description":"This medicine may be used to treat ovarian cancer, particularly in patients who have not responded to other treatments.
- It is sometimes given as a single agent or in combination.","evidence":"Established"},{"condition":"Breast cancer","description":"Occasionally used in the treatment of breast cancer, though it is not a first-line treatment.
- Use is typically in specialized settings.","evidence":"Limited"},{"condition":"Polycythemia vera","description":"This medicine can be used to reduce red blood cell production in polycythemia vera, a rare blood disorder.
- It is used when other treatments are not suitable.","evidence":"Limited"}]
Off-label uses: [{"condition":"Amyloidosis","description":"Sometimes used off-label to treat amyloidosis, a condition where abnormal proteins build up in organs. Use is based on small studies and expert opinion.","evidence":"Limited"},{"condition":"Langerhans cell histiocytosis","description":"Rarely used off-label for this rare disease involving immune cells. Evidence is limited to case reports.","evidence":"Limited"}]
Primary treatment for: Multiple myeloma
Also treats: Ovarian cancer, Breast cancer, Polycythemia vera
📋 Drug Information
| Generic Name(s) | Melphalan (2mg) |
| Brand Name | alphalan 2mg tablet |
| Manufacturer | Natco Pharma Ltd |
| Packaging / Form | Varies by brand (Allopathy) |
| Therapeutic Class | ANTI NEOPLASTICS |
| Action Class | Alkylating agent |
| Route of Administration | Oral |
| Storage | Store this medicine at room temperature between 15°C and 30°C (59°F to 86°F). Keep it in its original container, tightly closed, away from moisture and heat. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep out of reach of children and pets. |
| Shelf Life | The shelf life of this medicine is typically 2 to 3 years from the date of manufacture. Check the expiry date on the package. Do not use after the expiry date. |
| WHO Guideline | Not established from the available information. |
| ICMR Guideline | Not established from the available information. |
👨⚕️ Doctor's Practical Tips
Evidence-based practical advice from experienced clinicians
🔍 Is This Medicine Right for Your Symptom?
Educational reference. Always consult a doctor for diagnosis.
🔬 How This Medicine Works (Pharmacology)
Pharmacokinetics
How It Works
This medicine is an alkylating agent that works by attaching alkyl groups to DNA, primarily at the guanine base. This leads to cross-linking of DNA strands, which prevents DNA replication and transcription. As a result, cancer cells cannot divide and eventually die. Because cancer cells divide more rapidly than normal cells, they are more sensitive to the effects of this medicine, but normal cells that divide quickly, such as those in the bone marrow, hair follicles, and lining of the mouth and gut, can also be affected, leading to side effects.
Mechanism Steps
💡 How to Take alphalan 2mg tablet
Strength: This medicine is available as a 2 mg immediate-release tablet for oral administration.
Dosage Information
| Adult Dosage | The dose of this medicine is highly individualized and depends on the condition being treated, the patient's response, and other factors. For multiple myeloma, a common oral dose is 6 mg once daily for 2 to 3 weeks, followed by a rest period, but this varies widely. For ovarian cancer, doses may range from 0.2 mg/kg daily for 5 days every 4 to 6 weeks. Dose must be individualized by a qualified clinician based on indication, age, weight, renal and hepatic function, and blood counts. Never adjust the dose without your doctor's guidance. |
| Pediatric Dosage | Pediatric dosing is not established from available information. Consult a pediatric oncologist for individualized dosing. |
| Elderly Dosage | Elderly patients may be more sensitive to the effects of this medicine, especially bone marrow suppression. Dose reduction may be necessary based on kidney function and blood counts. Close monitoring is recommended. |
| Renal Impairment | Patients with renal impairment may require dose reduction. This medicine is excreted by the kidneys, and accumulation can increase toxicity. Monitor renal function and adjust dose accordingly. Consult your doctor for specific guidance. |
| Hepatic Impairment | Patients with hepatic impairment may require dose reduction. This medicine is metabolized in the liver, and liver dysfunction can increase its effects. Monitor liver function and adjust dose as needed. Consult your doctor for specific guidance. |
| Maximum Daily Dose | The maximum daily dose varies by indication and is determined by the treating oncologist. Do not exceed the prescribed dose. |
Dosage Timeline
🍽️ Food Timing Guide
⏰ What to Do If You Miss a Dose
⚠️ Side Effects of alphalan 2mg tablet
✅ Common Side Effects
🚨 Serious Side Effects
⚠️ Rare Side Effects
Consult your doctor if you experience any unusual symptoms.
🔬 Drug Interactions
| Drug | Severity | Effect |
|---|---|---|
| Live vaccines | Major | |
| Cyclosporine | Major | |
| Nalidixic acid | Major | |
| Warfarin | Moderate | |
| Phenytoin | Moderate | |
| Cimetidine | Moderate |
🚨 Major Interactions
- Live vaccines
- Cyclosporine
- Nalidixic acid
⚡ Moderate Interactions
- Warfarin
- Phenytoin
- Cimetidine
🍷 Alcohol Interaction
Alcohol may increase the risk of stomach irritation, nausea, and liver problems while taking this medicine. It is best to avoid alcohol during treatment. Consult your doctor for personalized advice.
🔎 Check Your Other Medicines
Educational tool. Always confirm with your doctor or pharmacist.
🛡️ Safety & Warnings
🚫 Contraindications
["Known hypersensitivity to melphalan or any component of the formulation","Severe bone marrow suppression","Pregnancy","Breastfeeding","Concurrent use of live vaccines"]
⚠️ Warnings & Precautions
["This medicine can cause severe bone marrow suppression. Regular blood tests are essential.","Avoid contact with people who have infections. Report any signs of infection immediately.","This medicine can cause fetal harm. Use effective contraception during treatment.","Do not breastfeed while taking this medicine.","This medicine may impair fertility. Discuss fertility preservation options with your doctor before starting treatment.","This medicine can cause secondary cancers. Long-term follow-up is recommended.","Handle tablets with care. Wash hands after handling. Avoid crushing or breaking tablets.","Do not share this medicine with others.","Keep out of reach of children."]
🤱 Lactation Safety
It is not known whether this medicine passes into breast milk. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants, breastfeeding is not recommended during treatment with this medicine. Women should not breastfeed while taking this medicine and for at least 2 weeks after the last dose.
💊 Overdose Management
Overdose of this medicine can cause severe bone marrow suppression, leading to life-threatening infections and bleeding. If an overdose is suspected, seek immediate medical attention. Treatment is supportive and may include blood transfusions, antibiotics, and growth factors. There is no specific antidote. Contact a poison control center or emergency department immediately.
⏰ Missed Dose
If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as you remember if it is within a few hours of the scheduled time. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. Contact your doctor if you are unsure.
Additional Safety Advice
This medicine must only be taken under the supervision of a qualified oncologist. Do not share this medicine with anyone else, even if they have the same condition. Keep all appointments for blood tests, as this medicine can affect your blood counts. Avoid contact with people who have infections, and practice good hand hygiene. Do not receive any live vaccines while taking this medicine. Use effective contraception to prevent pregnancy during treatment and for some time after, as this medicine can harm an unborn baby. Both men and women should use reliable birth control. Do not breastfeed while taking this medicine. Handle the tablets carefully; wash your hands after touching them. If you accidentally crush or break a tablet, avoid inhaling the powder. Store this medicine in its original container at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Do not use it after the expiry date. If you miss a dose, do not double the next dose. Contact your doctor if you have fever, chills, sore throat, unusual bleeding, or bruising. Do not stop taking this medicine without your doctor's advice.
👴 Special Considerations for Elderly
💡 For Patients Above 65
Elderly patients are more susceptible to the side effects of this medicine, especially bone marrow suppression, infections, and fatigue. Dose reduction may be necessary based on kidney function and overall health. Close monitoring of blood counts and other parameters is recommended. Falls and bleeding risks should be assessed.
🤰 Pregnancy Planning (TTC)
This medicine can cause birth defects and is contraindicated during pregnancy. Both men and women should use effective contraception during treatment and for at least 6 months after the last dose. If you are planning to become pregnant, discuss with your doctor before starting treatment. Fertility preservation options should be considered before treatment, as this medicine can impair fertility.
🏥 Post-Surgery Considerations
This medicine can impair wound healing and increase the risk of infection after surgery. Inform your surgeon that you are taking this medicine. Your doctor may advise temporarily stopping the medicine before surgery. Follow your doctor's instructions regarding when to resume treatment.
🦷 Dental Procedures
This medicine can increase the risk of bleeding and infection during dental procedures. Inform your dentist that you are taking this medicine. You may need to postpone elective dental work until your blood counts recover. Your dentist may prescribe antibiotics before procedures to prevent infection.
💚 Lifestyle Tips for Better Results
🏋️ Exercise Considerations
This medicine can cause fatigue and low blood counts, which may increase the risk of bleeding and infection. Avoid strenuous exercise or activities that carry a risk of injury. Consult your doctor before starting any exercise program. Light activities like walking may be beneficial if you feel up to it.
🥗 Diet Recommendations
💼 Impact on Daily Work & Life
This medicine can cause fatigue, dizziness, and low blood counts, which may affect your ability to work or drive. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how this medicine affects you. You may need to take time off work during treatment cycles. Discuss your work situation with your doctor and employer to make necessary adjustments.
🛑 When to Stop This Medicine
Do not stop taking this medicine without your doctor's advice. Your doctor will decide when to stop based on your response to treatment, side effects, and blood test results. If you experience severe side effects, contact your doctor immediately; they may adjust the dose or stop treatment temporarily.
📅 Long-Term Use Effects
Long-term use of this medicine can lead to persistent bone marrow suppression, increasing the risk of infections and bleeding. It can also cause infertility, secondary cancers (such as leukemia), and lung or liver damage. Regular monitoring of blood counts, liver and kidney function, and lung health is essential. Some side effects may be permanent. Discuss long-term risks and benefits with your oncologist.
🌿 Non-Medicine Approaches
These can complement medicine but do not replace prescribed treatment.
Depending on your cancer type and stage, other chemotherapy drugs or combinations may be used instead of or in addition to this medicine.
Evidence: Well-establishedFor multiple myeloma, targeted therapies such as proteasome inhibitors or immunomodulatory drugs may be used.
Evidence: Well-establishedHigh-dose chemotherapy followed by stem cell transplant may be an option for eligible patients.
Evidence: Well-established💉 Vaccination Considerations
💉 If You're Getting Vaccinated
Do not receive any live vaccines while taking this medicine, as they can cause serious infections. Inactivated vaccines may be given, but their effectiveness may be reduced due to immunosuppression. Consult your doctor before any vaccination. Live vaccines should be avoided for at least 3 months after stopping this medicine.
📦 Storage Guide
✅ DO
Store at room temperature (15-30°C)
❌ DON'T
Do not refrigerate unless specified
✅ DO
Keep in original container
❌ DON'T
Do not transfer to unmarked containers
✅ DO
Keep away from direct sunlight
❌ DON'T
Do not store in bathroom cabinet
✅ DO
Keep out of reach of children and pets
❌ DON'T
Do not leave within reach of children
✈️ Traveling with This Medicine
When traveling, carry this medicine in its original packaging with the prescription label clearly visible. Bring a copy of your prescription and a letter from your doctor explaining that you are carrying chemotherapy medicine. Keep the medicine in your carry-on luggage to avoid temperature extremes in checked baggage. Store at room temperature and avoid direct sunlight. If crossing time zones, consult your doctor about adjusting the timing of your doses. Check local customs regulations for carrying prescription medicines. Always carry enough supply for your entire trip, plus extra in case of delays.
💰 Cost Analysis & Savings
👥 Real Patient Stories
Educational, anonymized scenarios. Individual results may vary.
💬 Questions Patients Often Ask
A: This medicine starts working on cancer cells within days, but it may take several weeks to see a noticeable effect on your condition. Your doctor will monitor your progress with regular tests.
A: It is best to take this medicine on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal, because food can reduce its absorption. Follow your doctor's instructions.
A: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember if it is within a few hours. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double dose.
A: No, this medicine can harm an unborn baby and is contraindicated during pregnancy. Use effective contraception during treatment and for at least 6 months after the last dose.
A: It is not known if this medicine passes into breast milk, but due to the potential for serious side effects in a nursing infant, breastfeeding is not recommended. Consult your doctor.
🤔 Common Patient Concerns
🔄 Substitutes for alphalan 2mg tablet
View AllAlternative brands with exact same active ingredient:
-
alkeran 2mg tabletGlaxo SmithKline Pharmaceuticals Ltd ₹362.32 86.6% CHEAPER
-
melfalax 2mg tabletGLS Pharma Ltd. ₹2,335.00 13.5% CHEAPER
-
alkacel 2mg tabletCelon Laboratories Ltd ₹2,500.00 7.4% CHEAPER
-
melphaz 2mg tabletZuvius Life Sciences ₹2,900.00 7.4% COSTLIER
Medical Note: Always consult your doctor before switching medications.
🛑 Myths vs. Facts
- Myth: This medicine can be taken without a doctor's supervision.
Fact: This medicine is a powerful chemotherapy drug and must only be taken under the supervision of a qualified oncologist. It requires regular monitoring. - Myth: This medicine is safe during pregnancy.
Fact: This medicine can harm an unborn baby and is contraindicated during pregnancy. Effective contraception is essential. - Myth: This medicine only affects cancer cells.
Fact: This medicine can affect normal, rapidly dividing cells too, leading to side effects like hair loss, mouth sores, and low blood counts.
🔄 Alternative Options
Generic Alternatives
- Melphalan 2 mg tablet
Brand Alternatives
- Alkeran 2mg tablet