Alkacel 5 mg Tablet (Melphalan): Comprehensive Guide
Clinical Reference Standards: CDSCO (Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation), Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP) & WHO | Last Updated: September 2026
When to Call Your Doctor IMMEDIATELY
- Fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher, chills, or other signs of infection
- Unusual bleeding or bruising, such as nosebleeds, gum bleeding, or blood in urine or stool
- Severe shortness of breath, cough, or chest pain
- Yellowing of skin or eyes, dark urine, or severe abdominal pain
- Rash, itching, swelling of face, lips, or throat, or difficulty breathing
- Extreme fatigue or weakness that interferes with daily activities
- New or worsening mouth sores that prevent eating or drinking
If experiencing severe symptoms, call emergency services immediately.
What is alkacel 5 mg tablet used for?
This medicine contains melphalan 5 mg, an oral chemotherapy drug used to treat multiple myeloma, ovarian cancer, and certain other cancers. It works by damaging DNA in cancer cells, preventing their growth. It is taken on an empty stomach, and regular blood tests are essential to monitor for bone marrow suppression.
- Generic Name: Melphalan (5mg)
- Manufacturer: Celon Laboratories Ltd
- Form: Allopathy
- Pregnancy Category: Consult doctor
- Prescription Required: Yes
🇮🇳 alkacel 5 mg tablet के बारे में (Hindi Summary)
उपयोग: यह दवा मेल्फलान 5 मिलीग्राम की गोली है, जिसका उपयोग मल्टीपल मायलोमा, डिम्बग्रंथि के कैंसर और कुछ अन्य कैंसर के इलाज के लिए किया जाता है। यह कीमोथेरेपी दवा है जो कैंसर कोशिकाओं के डीएनए को नुकसान पहुंचाकर उनकी वृद्धि को रोकती है। इसे खाली पेट लेना चाहिए और डॉक्टर के निर्देशानुसार ही लेना चाहिए।
साइड इफेक्ट्स: आम दुष्प्रभावों में मतली, उल्टी, भूख न लगना, दस्त और मुंह के छाले शामिल हैं। इस दवा से रक्त कोशिकाओं की संख्या कम हो सकती है, जिससे संक्रमण, आसान चोट लगना या रक्तस्राव हो सकता है। गंभीर दुष्प्रभावों में गंभीर अस्थि मज्जा दमन, फेफड़ों की समस्या, यकृत विषाक्तता और द्वितीयक कैंसर शामिल हैं। कोई भी असामान्य लक्षण होने पर तुरंत डॉक्टर से संपर्क करें।
सुरक्षा सलाह: यह एक शक्तिशाली कीमोथेरेपी दवा है, इसे केवल योग्य कैंसर रोग विशेषज्ञ की देखरेख में ही लें। गोलियों को संभालने के बाद हाथ धोएं। इलाज के दौरान और बाद में गर्भनिरोधक उपाय अपनाएं। जीवित टीके न लगवाएं। नियमित रक्त परीक्षण कराएं। बिना डॉक्टर की सलाह के कोई नई दवा शुरू न करें। खुराक छूटने पर दोहरी खुराक न लें।
💊 alkacel 5 mg tablet Uses & Benefits
- [{"condition":"Multiple myeloma","description":"This medicine is used as part of combination therapy for multiple myeloma, a cancer of plasma cells.
- It helps slow disease progression and improve survival.","evidence":"Well-established"},{"condition":"Ovarian cancer","description":"Used in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer, often after other treatments have been tried.","evidence":"Established"},{"condition":"Stem cell transplant conditioning","description":"High-dose melphalan is used as a conditioning regimen before autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma.","evidence":"Well-established"},{"condition":"Amyloidosis","description":"Sometimes used in the treatment of AL amyloidosis, a rare disease where abnormal proteins build up in organs.","evidence":"Limited"}]
Off-label uses: [{"condition":"Breast cancer","description":"Rarely used in some breast cancer treatment regimens, but not a standard first-line option.","evidence":"Limited"},{"condition":"Polycythemia vera","description":"Occasionally used to control blood cell overproduction in polycythemia vera, but other treatments are preferred.","evidence":"Limited"}]
Primary treatment for: Multiple myeloma
Also treats: Ovarian cancer, Amyloidosis
📋 Drug Information
| Generic Name(s) | Melphalan (5mg) |
| Brand Name | alkacel 5 mg tablet |
| Manufacturer | Celon Laboratories Ltd |
| Packaging / Form | Varies by brand (Allopathy) |
| Therapeutic Class | ANTI NEOPLASTICS |
| Action Class | Alkylating agent |
| Route of Administration | Oral |
| Storage | Store at room temperature between 15°C and 30°C (59°F to 86°F). Protect from light and moisture. Keep in the original container, tightly closed. Keep out of reach of children. |
| Shelf Life | 24 months from the date of manufacture. |
| WHO Guideline | Melphalan is included in the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for the treatment of multiple myeloma and ovarian cancer. |
| ICMR Guideline | Not established from the available information. |
👨⚕️ Doctor's Practical Tips
Evidence-based practical advice from experienced clinicians
🔍 Is This Medicine Right for Your Symptom?
Educational reference. Always consult a doctor for diagnosis.
🔬 How This Medicine Works (Pharmacology)
Pharmacokinetics
How It Works
Melphalan is a bifunctional alkylating agent derived from nitrogen mustard. It works by forming covalent bonds with DNA, specifically at the N7 position of guanine bases. This cross-linking of DNA strands prevents DNA replication and transcription, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis (programmed cell death). Because cancer cells divide rapidly, they are more susceptible to the effects of melphalan, although normal cells can also be affected, which explains many of the side effects.
Mechanism Steps
💡 How to Take alkacel 5 mg tablet
Strength: Tablet, 5 mg
Dosage Information
| Adult Dosage | The dose of this medicine is highly individualized and depends on the condition being treated, the patient's blood counts, and overall health. For multiple myeloma, a typical oral dose may range from 0.15 mg/kg to 0.25 mg/kg per day for 4 to 7 days, repeated every 4 to 6 weeks, but this varies widely. For ovarian cancer, doses may be different. Dose must be individualized by a qualified clinician based on indication, age, weight, renal and hepatic function. Never adjust the dose without consulting your oncologist. |
| Pediatric Dosage | Pediatric dosing is not established from available information. Consult a pediatric oncologist. |
| Elderly Dosage | Elderly patients may be more sensitive to the effects of this medicine, especially bone marrow suppression. Dose adjustments may be necessary based on kidney function and blood counts. Close monitoring is recommended. |
| Renal Impairment | In patients with renal impairment, dose reduction may be necessary. Melphalan is excreted by the kidneys, and reduced clearance can increase toxicity. Monitor kidney function and adjust dose accordingly. |
| Hepatic Impairment | No specific dose adjustments are established for hepatic impairment, but caution is advised. Monitor liver function closely. |
| Maximum Daily Dose | The maximum daily dose varies by indication and is determined by the prescribing oncologist. Do not exceed the prescribed dose. |
Dosage Timeline
🍽️ Food Timing Guide
⏰ What to Do If You Miss a Dose
⚠️ Side Effects of alkacel 5 mg tablet
✅ Common Side Effects
🚨 Serious Side Effects
⚠️ Rare Side Effects
Consult your doctor if you experience any unusual symptoms.
🔬 Drug Interactions
| Drug | Severity | Effect |
|---|---|---|
| Live vaccines | Major | |
| Cyclosporine | Major | |
| Nalidixic acid | Major | |
| Warfarin | Moderate | |
| Cimetidine | Moderate | |
| Other myelosuppressive agents | Moderate |
🚨 Major Interactions
- Live vaccines
- Cyclosporine
- Nalidixic acid
⚡ Moderate Interactions
- Warfarin
- Cimetidine
- Other myelosuppressive agents
🍷 Alcohol Interaction
Alcohol may increase the risk of stomach irritation and liver toxicity. It is advisable to avoid alcohol while taking this medicine.
🔎 Check Your Other Medicines
Educational tool. Always confirm with your doctor or pharmacist.
🛡️ Safety & Warnings
🚫 Contraindications
["Hypersensitivity to melphalan or any component of the formulation","Severe bone marrow suppression","Pregnancy, especially first trimester","Breastfeeding"]
⚠️ Warnings & Precautions
["This medicine can cause severe bone marrow suppression; monitor blood counts closely.","Avoid live vaccines during treatment.","Use effective contraception during treatment and for at least 6 months after for women and 3 months for men.","Handle tablets with care; avoid crushing or breaking. Wash hands after handling.","May cause secondary cancers; long-term follow-up is necessary.","Do not breastfeed while taking this medicine.","Inform your doctor if you have kidney or liver problems; dose adjustments may be needed.","Report any signs of infection, bleeding, or unusual fatigue immediately."]
🤱 Lactation Safety
It is not known whether melphalan is excreted in human breast milk. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants, breastfeeding should be discontinued during treatment and for at least 2 weeks after the last dose.
💊 Overdose Management
Overdose of melphalan can cause severe bone marrow suppression, leading to life-threatening infections and bleeding. If overdose is suspected, seek immediate medical attention. Treatment is supportive, including blood transfusions, antibiotics, and growth factors as needed. There is no specific antidote.
⏰ Missed Dose
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember if it is within a few hours of the scheduled time. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take two doses at once. Contact your doctor if you are unsure.
Additional Safety Advice
This medicine is a potent chemotherapy agent and must only be taken under the supervision of a qualified oncologist. Do not share this medicine with anyone else. Wash your hands thoroughly after handling the tablets. If a tablet is broken or crushed, avoid inhaling the powder and clean up spills according to your healthcare provider's instructions. Use effective contraception during treatment and for some time afterward, as this medicine can harm a developing baby. Avoid contact with people who have active infections or have recently received live vaccines. Do not receive any live vaccines while taking this medicine. Inform your doctor if you have kidney or liver problems, as dose adjustments may be needed. Regular blood tests are required to monitor your blood counts, liver function, and kidney function. Do not start any new medicine, including over-the-counter products, without consulting your doctor. If you miss a dose, do not double the next dose; follow your doctor's guidance.
👴 Special Considerations for Elderly
💡 For Patients Above 65
Elderly patients may be more susceptible to the toxic effects of this medicine, especially bone marrow suppression. Close monitoring of blood counts and kidney function is recommended. Dose adjustments may be necessary.
🤰 Pregnancy Planning (TTC)
This medicine can harm a developing baby. Women of childbearing potential should use effective contraception during treatment and for at least 6 months after the last dose. Men should use condoms during treatment and for at least 3 months after. If you are planning pregnancy, consult your doctor before starting treatment.
🏥 Post-Surgery Considerations
This medicine can impair wound healing and increase the risk of infection after surgery. Inform your surgeon that you are taking this medicine. Your doctor may recommend temporarily stopping the medicine before surgery.
🦷 Dental Procedures
This medicine can increase the risk of bleeding and infection during dental procedures. Inform your dentist that you are taking this medicine. Your dentist may recommend postponing non-urgent procedures until your blood counts recover.
💚 Lifestyle Tips for Better Results
🏋️ Exercise Considerations
Mild to moderate exercise, such as walking or yoga, can help manage fatigue and improve mood. However, avoid strenuous activities or contact sports that could increase the risk of bleeding or injury, especially if your platelet count is low. Consult your doctor before starting any exercise program.
🥗 Diet Recommendations
💼 Impact on Daily Work & Life
This medicine may cause fatigue, nausea, and other side effects that can affect your ability to work or perform daily activities. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery if you feel tired or dizzy. Discuss your work schedule with your doctor; adjustments may be needed during treatment cycles.
🛑 When to Stop This Medicine
Do not stop taking this medicine without consulting your oncologist. Treatment duration is determined by your response and side effects. If you experience severe side effects, your doctor may adjust the dose or temporarily stop treatment. Always follow your doctor's guidance.
📅 Long-Term Use Effects
Long-term use of this medicine may increase the risk of secondary cancers, particularly leukemia. It can also cause persistent bone marrow suppression, requiring ongoing monitoring. Regular follow-up with your oncologist is essential to detect any long-term complications early.
🌿 Non-Medicine Approaches
These can complement medicine but do not replace prescribed treatment.
For eligible patients with multiple myeloma, stem cell transplantation may be an alternative or additional treatment.
Evidence: Well-establishedNewer drugs like proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory agents are used in multiple myeloma and may be alternatives or additions to melphalan.
Evidence: Well-established💉 Vaccination Considerations
💉 If You're Getting Vaccinated
Live vaccines should be avoided during treatment with this medicine due to the risk of serious infections. Inactivated vaccines may be given, but their effectiveness may be reduced. Consult your doctor before receiving any vaccine.
📦 Storage Guide
✅ DO
Store at room temperature (15-30°C)
❌ DON'T
Do not refrigerate unless specified
✅ DO
Keep in original container
❌ DON'T
Do not transfer to unmarked containers
✅ DO
Keep away from direct sunlight
❌ DON'T
Do not store in bathroom cabinet
✈️ Traveling with This Medicine
When traveling, carry this medicine in its original packaging with the prescription label clearly visible. Bring a copy of your prescription and a letter from your doctor explaining the medical need. Keep the medicine in your carry-on luggage to avoid loss or temperature extremes. Store at room temperature and protect from light and moisture. If crossing time zones, consult your doctor about adjusting the dosing schedule. Check local customs regulations for carrying controlled substances.
💰 Cost Analysis & Savings
👥 Real Patient Stories
Educational, anonymized scenarios. Individual results may vary.
💬 Questions Patients Often Ask
A: The effects of this medicine on cancer cells begin within hours, but clinical improvement may take several weeks. Your doctor will monitor your response with regular tests.
A: This medicine should be taken on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal, because food can reduce its absorption.
A: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember if it is within a few hours. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double dose.
A: No, this medicine is contraindicated in pregnancy as it can harm the unborn baby. Use effective contraception during treatment and for at least 6 months after.
A: It is advisable to avoid alcohol as it may increase the risk of stomach irritation and liver toxicity.
🤔 Common Patient Concerns
🔄 Substitutes for alkacel 5 mg tablet
View AllAlternative brands with exact same active ingredient:
-
melfalax 5mg tabletGLS Pharma Ltd. ₹4,005.00 1.9% COSTLIER
-
alphalan 5mg tabletNatco Pharma Ltd ₹5,357.14 36.3% COSTLIER
Medical Note: Always consult your doctor before switching medications.
🛑 Myths vs. Facts
- Myth: This medicine can be taken with food to reduce stomach upset.
Fact: This medicine should be taken on an empty stomach because food can reduce its absorption and effectiveness. - Myth: This medicine is safe to take during pregnancy.
Fact: This medicine is contraindicated in pregnancy as it can harm the unborn baby. - Myth: You can stop taking this medicine once you feel better.
Fact: You must complete the full course as prescribed by your doctor. Stopping early can allow the cancer to return.
🔄 Alternative Options
Generic Alternatives
- Melphalan 5 mg tablet
Brand Alternatives
- Alkacel 5 mg tablet