bio 12 tablet - Methylcobalamin (500mcg) medicine

Bio 12 Tablet - Uses, Price, Side Effects

4.5 (17 reviews)

Methylcobalamin (500mcg)

🏭 Nostrum Pharmaceuticals 📦 Varies by brand 💊 Allopathy 📅 Updated: Aug 22, 2026

📋 Prescription Required 💊 Generic Available

Medically Reviewed

SaathiMed Expert Panel | Aug 22, 2026

What is bio 12 tablet used for?

Bio 12 Tablet contains Methylcobalamin 500mcg, a form of vitamin B12 essential for nerve function and red blood cell formation. It is used to treat vitamin B12 deficiency, peripheral neuropathy, and associated symptoms like numbness or tingling. It works by supporting myelin sheath repair and energy metabolism.

Generic Name: Methylcobalamin
Manufacturer: Nostrum Pharmaceuticals
Form: Allopathy
Pregnancy Category: A
Prescription Required: Yes

💡 Did You Know? The first generic medicine was introduced in India in 1970 after the Patents Act was amended.

💊 bio 12 tablet Uses & Benefits

Pernicious anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency due to malabsorption (e.g., gastrectomy, Crohn's disease), megaloblastic anemia, diabetic neuropathy, peripheral neuropathy, subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord, and as a nutritional supplement.

Off-label uses: Tinnitus, chronic fatigue syndrome, sleep disorders, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, autism spectrum disorders (limited evidence).

📋 Drug Information

Generic Name(s)	Methylcobalamin
Brand Name	Alamin Injection
Manufacturer	Nostrum Pharmaceuticals
Packaging / Form	Varies by brand (Allopathy)
Therapeutic Class	VITAMINS MINERALS NUTRIENTS
Action Class	Vitamins
Route of Administration	Intramuscular injection only; not for intravenous use.
Storage	Store at 20-25°C (68-77°F); protect from light; do not freeze.
Shelf Life	As per manufacturer

🔬 Pharmacology (PK/PD)

Pharmacokinetics

AbsorptionRapidly absorbed after intramuscular injection; bioavailability is high due to direct entry into systemic circulation.

DistributionWidely distributed in body tissues, including the central nervous system; crosses the placenta and enters breast milk.

Protein BindingApproximately 90% bound to plasma proteins, mainly transcobalamins.

MetabolismMetabolized in the liver via conversion to other cobalamin forms (e.g., adenosylcobalamin) and coenzymes.

Half-LifeApproximately 6 days (400 hours) in the body; hepatic stores can last for years.

ExcretionPrimarily excreted in bile; small amount in urine; enterohepatic circulation occurs.

Bioavailability100% (intramuscular injection); oral bioavailability is low (<3%) due to need for intrinsic factor.

Onset of ActionWithin 24-48 hours for hematological effects; neurological improvement may take weeks to months.

Peak Plasma Time1-2 hours after intramuscular injection.

Duration of ActionEffects last for several days to weeks depending on the condition treated.

How It Works

Methylcobalamin acts as a cofactor for methionine synthase, converting homocysteine to methionine, and for methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, converting methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA, essential for DNA synthesis, myelin formation, and red blood cell production.

Mechanism Steps

1Methylcobalamin binds to intrinsic factor in the stomach for absorption (oral) or directly enters circulation (injection).

2Transported in blood bound to transcobalamin II.

3Enters cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis.

💡 How to Take bio 12 tablet

Follow your doctor's prescription exactly.

Dosage Timeline

🌅 Morning ✅ ☀️ Afternoon ❌ 🌆 Evening ✅ 🌙 Night ❌

⚠️ Side Effects of bio 12 tablet

✅ Common Side Effects

Injection site pain
Redness
Swelling
Itching
Mild diarrhea
Headache

🚨 Serious Side Effects

Anaphylaxis
Hypersensitivity reactions
Pulmonary edema
Congestive heart failure (with rapid correction of severe anemia)
Hypokalemia (during initial therapy for megaloblastic anemia)

⚠️ Rare Side Effects

Peripheral vascular thrombosis
Polycythemia vera
Leber's disease exacerbation
Acneiform eruptions

Consult your doctor if you experience any unusual symptoms.

🔬 Drug Interactions

⚠️ Drug	Severity	Effect
Chloramphenicol	Moderate	Reduced efficacy of methylcobalamin
Colchicine	Moderate	Decreased absorption of methylcobalamin
Metformin	Minor	Possible decreased vitamin B12 levels

🚨 Major Interactions

Chloramphenicol
Colchicine
Neomycin
Aminosalicylic acid
Potassium supplements

⚡ Moderate Interactions

Metformin
Proton pump inhibitors
H2 receptor antagonists
Oral contraceptives

ℹ️ Minor Interactions

Alcohol
Tobacco
Caffeine

🍽️ Food Interactions

No significant food interactions; absorption unaffected by food when injected.

🍷 Alcohol Interaction

Chronic alcohol consumption may reduce vitamin B12 absorption and increase requirements.

🛡️ Safety & Warnings

Liver

Low

Kidney

Low

Heart

Low

Pregnancy

Category A

🚫 Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to methylcobalamin or any component; Leber's disease (optic atrophy) due to cyanocobalamin; caution in polycythemia vera.

📊 Monitoring Parameters

Serum vitamin B12 levels, homocysteine levels, methylmalonic acid levels, complete blood count (CBC), reticulocyte count, neurological examination.

🤱 Lactation Safety

Excreted in breast milk; considered compatible with breastfeeding at recommended doses.

💊 Overdose Management

No specific antidote; treatment is supportive and symptomatic; excess is excreted in urine.

⏰ Missed Dose

Administer as soon as remembered; if close to next dose, skip missed dose and resume regular schedule; do not double dose.

👨‍⚕️ Reviewed by Expert

SaathiMed Expert Panel

MD, PhD - Pharmacology

Last reviewed on: Aug 22, 2026

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🔄 Substitutes for bio 12 tablet

View All

Alternative brands with exact same active ingredient (Methylcobalamin (500mcg)):

Medical Note: Always consult your doctor before switching medications.

⭐ User Reviews

Regular Customer Jul 10, 2026

Good quality medicine. Satisfied with the outcome.

Verified User Jul 10, 2026