azmino plus tablet - Salbutamol (100mg) + Etofylline (4mg) medicine

Azmino Plus Tablet: Complete Medicine Guide

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🏭 Medoz Pharmaceutical Pvt. Ltd 📦 Varies by brand 💊 Allopathy 📅 Updated: Oct 16, 2026
📋 Prescription Required 💊 Generic Available
Medically Reviewed
11 min read
Evidence: Limited evidence for this specific fixed-dose combination. Inhaled bronchodilators are the preferred and better-studied treatment for asthma and COPD.
Reviewed by
SaathiMed Expert Panel | Oct 16, 2026
🩺
Medically Fact-Checked & Clinically Verified by SaathiMed Clinical Review Board
Clinical Reference Standards: CDSCO (Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation), Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP) & WHO | Last Updated: September 2026

When to Call Your Doctor IMMEDIATELY

  • Chest pain or pressure that does not go away
  • Severe palpitations or irregular heartbeat
  • Difficulty breathing that worsens or does not improve
  • Swelling of the face, lips, or throat
  • Severe muscle weakness or cramps
  • Confusion, extreme fatigue, or rapid breathing
  • Yellowing of the skin or eyes
  • Seizures or loss of consciousness

If experiencing severe symptoms, call emergency services immediately.

What is azmino plus tablet used for?

This medicine is an oral bronchodilator tablet containing salbutamol and etofylline. It helps relax the muscles in the airways to make breathing easier in conditions like asthma and COPD. It should only be taken as prescribed by a doctor.

  • Generic Name: Salbutamol (100mg) + Etofylline (4mg)
  • Manufacturer: Medoz Pharmaceutical Pvt. Ltd
  • Form: Allopathy
  • Pregnancy Category: Consult doctor
  • Prescription Required: Yes

🇮🇳 azmino plus tablet के बारे में (Hindi Summary)

उपयोग: यह दवा सलबुटामोल और एटोफिलिन का संयोजन है, जिसका उपयोग अस्थमा और क्रोनिक ऑब्सट्रक्टिव पल्मोनरी डिजीज (सीओपीडी) जैसी स्थितियों में सांस लेने में आसानी के लिए किया जाता है। यह श्वसन मार्ग की मांसपेशियों को आराम देकर उन्हें फैलाती है, जिससे घरघराहट, सीने में जकड़न और सांस फूलने में राहत मिलती है। इस दवा को डॉक्टर के निर्देशानुसार ही लें और अपनी मर्जी से मात्रा न बढ़ाएं।

साइड इफेक्ट्स: इस दवा के सामान्य दुष्प्रभावों में हाथों में कंपन, घबराहट, सिरदर्द, धड़कन तेज होना और मतली शामिल हैं। कुछ लोगों को पेट में असहजता या मांसपेशियों में ऐंठन भी हो सकती है। गंभीर लेकिन दुर्लभ दुष्प्रभावों में अनियमित दिल की धड़कन, सीने में दर्द, गंभीर चक्कर आना और एलर्जी की प्रतिक्रिया शामिल हैं। अगर आपको कोई गंभीर लक्षण दिखे तो तुरंत डॉक्टर से संपर्क करें।

सुरक्षा सलाह: इस दवा को डॉक्टर के बताए अनुसार ही लें। अपनी मर्जी से मात्रा या बार-बार सेवन न बढ़ाएं, क्योंकि इससे दिल की धड़कन अनियमित हो सकती है और पोटैशियम कम हो सकता है। अगर आपको हृदय रोग, उच्च रक्तचाप, मधुमेह, थायरॉइड की समस्या या दौरे पड़ने का इतिहास है तो डॉक्टर को जरूर बताएं। इस दवा के साथ शराब न पिएं। गर्भावस्था, गर्भधारण की योजना या स्तनपान के दौरान डॉक्टर से सलाह लें।

💡 Did You Know? Over 80% of the antiretroviral drugs used globally to combat AIDS are supplied by Indian pharmaceutical companies.

💊 azmino plus tablet Uses & Benefits

[{"condition":"Bronchial asthma","description":"Helps relieve reversible airway narrowing and reduces wheezing and breathlessness in patients with asthma when used as part of a prescribed treatment plan.","evidence":"Established for bronchodilator combinations in obstructive airway disease"},{"condition":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)","description":"Used to relax bronchial smooth muscle and improve airflow in patients with chronic bronchitis or emphysema, under medical supervision.","evidence":"Established for bronchodilator therapy in COPD"},{"condition":"Bronchospasm associated with chronic bronchitis","description":"May help ease chest tightness and wheezing in patients with chronic bronchitis when prescribed by a clinician.","evidence":"Limited to clinical experience with similar bronchodilator combinations"}]

Off-label uses: [{"condition":"Not established from the available information.","description":"No well-established off-label use is documented for this specific fixed-dose combination.","evidence":"Not established from the available information."}]

Primary treatment for: Bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Also treats: Chronic bronchitis, Emphysema, Bronchospasm associated with respiratory infections

📋 Drug Information

Generic Name(s)Salbutamol (100mg) + Etofylline (4mg)
Brand Nameazmino plus tablet
ManufacturerMedoz Pharmaceutical Pvt. Ltd
Packaging / FormVaries by brand (Allopathy)
Therapeutic ClassRESPIRATORY
Action Class
Route of AdministrationOral
StorageStore at room temperature between 15°C and 30°C in a dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep in the original container.
Shelf LifeNot established from the available information. Refer to the expiry date printed on the pack.
WHO GuidelineNot established from the available information. This fixed-dose combination is not specifically listed in current WHO essential medicines guidance for asthma or COPD.
ICMR GuidelineNot established from the available information. ICMR guidelines generally recommend inhaled bronchodilators as first-line therapy for asthma and COPD; oral fixed-dose combinations are not routinely preferred.

👨‍⚕️ Doctor's Practical Tips

Evidence-based practical advice from experienced clinicians

1
Take this medicine with food or milk to reduce stomach upset.
2
Do not exceed the prescribed dose, as higher doses can cause dangerous heart rhythm problems.
3
Monitor your heart rate and report any palpitations or chest discomfort immediately.
4
If you have diabetes, check your blood sugar more often while taking this medicine.
5
Avoid caffeine and alcohol, as they can worsen tremor and palpitations.
6
Do not use this medicine as a rescue treatment for an acute asthma attack unless specifically instructed.
7
Keep your follow-up appointments so your doctor can monitor potassium levels and heart function.

🔍 Is This Medicine Right for Your Symptom?

Educational reference. Always consult a doctor for diagnosis.

✅
Wheezing
This medicine is commonly prescribed for wheezing due to bronchospasm.
Likely Use
✅
Shortness of breath
It helps open airways and improve breathing in obstructive lung diseases.
Likely Use
❌
Fever
This medicine is not a fever reducer.
Not Primary
❌
Chest pain
Chest pain is a red flag and requires immediate medical evaluation.
Not Primary

🔬 How This Medicine Works (Pharmacology)

Pharmacokinetics

AbsorptionBoth salbutamol and etofylline are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. The exact absorption rate and extent for this specific fixed-dose tablet are not established from the available information.
DistributionSalbutamol is known to distribute into body tissues including the lungs, liver, and kidneys. Etofylline distributes into extracellular fluids and tissues. The exact volume of distribution for this combination product is not established from the available information.
Protein BindingSalbutamol is approximately 10% bound to plasma proteins. The protein binding of etofylline is not established from the available information.
MetabolismSalbutamol undergoes extensive metabolism in the liver, mainly by sulfation to an inactive sulfate conjugate. Etofylline is metabolized in the liver by demethylation and oxidation. The exact metabolic pathways for this fixed-dose combination are not fully established from the available information.
Half-LifeThe elimination half-life of salbutamol is approximately 4 to 6 hours. The elimination half-life of etofylline is not established from the available information.
ExcretionSalbutamol and its metabolites are excreted mainly in the urine, with a smaller amount in the feces. Etofylline and its metabolites are also excreted primarily in the urine. The exact excretion profile of this combination product is not established from the available information.
BioavailabilityThe oral bioavailability of salbutamol is approximately 40% to 50% due to first-pass metabolism in the liver. The oral bioavailability of etofylline is not established from the available information.
Onset of ActionAfter oral administration, the bronchodilator effect of this medicine usually begins within 30 to 60 minutes, but the exact onset for this specific combination is not established from the available information.
Peak Plasma TimeThe peak plasma time for salbutamol after oral dosing is approximately 2 to 4 hours. The peak plasma time for etofylline is not established from the available information.
Duration of ActionThe bronchodilator effect of oral salbutamol generally lasts about 4 to 6 hours. The duration of action of etofylline in this combination is not established from the available information.

How It Works

This medicine works through two complementary bronchodilator mechanisms. Salbutamol selectively stimulates beta-2 adrenergic receptors on bronchial smooth muscle, which increases cyclic AMP inside the muscle cells and causes them to relax, widening the airways. Etofylline, a xanthine derivative, inhibits phosphodiesterase enzymes and blocks adenosine receptors, which also raises cyclic AMP and leads to bronchial smooth muscle relaxation. The combined effect is a more sustained opening of the airways than either agent alone, which helps reduce wheezing and improve airflow in obstructive lung diseases.

Mechanism Steps

1
Salbutamol binds beta-2 receptors: Salbutamol attaches to beta-2 adrenergic receptors on the surface of bronchial smooth muscle cells.
2
Cyclic AMP increases: This binding activates an enzyme that raises cyclic AMP levels inside the muscle cell.
3
Bronchial muscle relaxes: Higher cyclic AMP causes the smooth muscle to relax, which widens the airway passages.
4
Etofylline inhibits phosphodiesterase: Etofylline blocks the enzyme phosphodiesterase, which normally breaks down cyclic AMP, so cyclic AMP stays elevated for longer.
5
Etofylline blocks adenosine receptors: Etofylline also blocks adenosine receptors on airway muscle, adding to the relaxation effect.
6
Combined bronchodilation: The two ingredients work together to produce a broader and more sustained opening of the airways.

💡 How to Take azmino plus tablet

Strength: Tablet containing Salbutamol 100 mg and Etofylline 4 mg.

1Take this tablet by mouth with a glass of water.
2Swallow the tablet whole; do not crush or chew it unless your doctor says it is okay.
3Take it with food or milk to reduce stomach upset.
4Follow the dose and timing exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
5Do not take more than the prescribed dose, even if you feel breathless.
6If you use an inhaler, continue using it as prescribed unless your doctor tells you otherwise.

Dosage Information

Adult DosageThe usual adult dose of this medicine is one tablet taken orally, typically once or twice daily, or as directed by your doctor. The exact dose and frequency depend on the condition being treated, its severity, and your response to therapy. Dose must be individualized by a qualified clinician based on indication, age, weight, renal and hepatic function. Do not adjust the dose without medical advice.
Pediatric DosagePediatric dosing is not established from available information. Consult a pediatrician.
Elderly DosageElderly patients may be more sensitive to the cardiovascular and nervous system effects of this medicine. Start with a lower dose and monitor heart rate, blood pressure, and potassium levels closely. Dose must be individualized by a qualified clinician.
Renal ImpairmentDose adjustment may be needed in patients with kidney disease, as both salbutamol and etofylline are excreted partly by the kidneys. Consult your doctor for individualized dosing.
Hepatic ImpairmentDose adjustment may be needed in patients with liver disease, as both ingredients are metabolized in the liver. Consult your doctor for individualized dosing.
Maximum Daily DoseThe maximum daily dose is not established from the available information. Do not exceed the dose prescribed by your doctor.

Dosage Timeline

🌅 Morning ❌ ☀️ Afternoon ❌ 🌆 Evening ❌ 🌙 Night ❌

🍽️ Food Timing Guide

With food
Take with meals
Reduces stomach upset and nausea.
Caffeine-containing foods and drinks
Limit intake
Can worsen tremor, nervousness, and palpitations.
Alcohol
Avoid
Increases dizziness and cardiovascular side effects.

⏰ What to Do If You Miss a Dose

📌 Less than half the dosing interval has passed
→ Take the missed dose as soon as you remember.
💡 Continue with the regular schedule.
📌 More than half the dosing interval has passed
→ Skip the missed dose.
💡 Do not double dose to catch up.

⚠️ Side Effects of azmino plus tablet

✅ Common Side Effects

Tremor of the hands (Common (5-10%))
This usually reduces with continued use. Avoid caffeine and report to your doctor if it interferes with daily activities.
Palpitations or fast heartbeat (Common (5-10%))
Sit down and rest. If your heart rate stays above 120 beats per minute or you feel chest pain, seek medical attention.
Headache (Common (5-10%))
Stay hydrated and rest. Consult your doctor if the headache is severe or persistent.
Nervousness or restlessness (Common (5-10%))
Try relaxation techniques. If it affects sleep or daily life, speak to your doctor.
Nausea or stomach discomfort (Uncommon (1-5%))
Take the tablet with food or milk. If nausea continues, contact your doctor.
Muscle cramps (Uncommon (1-5%))
Ensure adequate hydration and report persistent cramps to your doctor, as they may indicate low potassium.

🚨 Serious Side Effects

Irregular heartbeat or arrhythmia (Rare (<0.1%))
Seek immediate medical attention if you feel your heart racing, fluttering, or beating irregularly.
Severe chest pain (Rare (<0.1%))
Call emergency services immediately if you experience chest pain, pressure, or tightness.
Severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) (Rare (<0.1%))
Seek emergency care immediately if you notice swelling of the face, lips, or throat, or difficulty breathing.
Severe hypokalemia (low potassium) (Rare (<0.1%))
Report severe muscle weakness, cramps, or palpitations to your doctor urgently.
Seizures (Rare (<0.1%))
Call emergency services if a seizure occurs.

⚠️ Rare Side Effects

Hyperglycemia
Monitor blood sugar if you have diabetes and inform your doctor about any unusual thirst or urination.
Lactic acidosis
Seek medical help if you experience rapid breathing, confusion, or extreme fatigue.
Sleep disturbances
Avoid taking the dose close to bedtime and discuss with your doctor if it persists.

Consult your doctor if you experience any unusual symptoms.

🔬 Drug Interactions

Drug Severity Effect
Propranolol Major
MAOIs Major
Tricyclic antidepressants Major
Digoxin Moderate
Furosemide Moderate
Theophylline Moderate
Corticosteroids Moderate
Levodopa Moderate
Antacids Minor
Caffeine Minor

🚨 Major Interactions

  • Non-selective beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol)
  • Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
  • Tricyclic antidepressants
  • Digoxin
  • Diuretics (e.g., furosemide, thiazides)

⚡ Moderate Interactions

  • Corticosteroids
  • Xanthine derivatives (e.g., theophylline)
  • Beta-2 agonists (e.g., formoterol, salmeterol)
  • Levodopa

🍷 Alcohol Interaction

Alcohol should be avoided while taking this medicine. It can worsen dizziness, drowsiness, and cardiovascular side effects such as palpitations and low blood pressure. Combining alcohol with this medicine may also increase the risk of falls and accidents.

🔎 Check Your Other Medicines

Educational tool. Always confirm with your doctor or pharmacist.

🛡️ Safety & Warnings

🚫 Contraindications

["Known hypersensitivity to salbutamol, etofylline, or any component of this medicine","Severe cardiac arrhythmias or uncontrolled tachyarrhythmias","Severe hyperthyroidism","Active peptic ulcer disease","Acute severe asthma attack requiring emergency treatment (unless directed by a clinician)","Concurrent use with non-selective beta-blockers"]

⚠️ Warnings & Precautions

["Use with caution in patients with heart disease, hypertension, or arrhythmias.","Monitor potassium levels, especially if taking diuretics or corticosteroids.","Caution in patients with diabetes, as salbutamol can raise blood sugar.","Caution in patients with hyperthyroidism, as it can worsen symptoms.","Caution in patients with a history of seizures.","Do not exceed the prescribed dose.","Avoid alcohol while taking this medicine.","Inform your doctor if you are pregnant, planning pregnancy, or breastfeeding."]

🤱 Lactation Safety

Not established from the available information. Salbutamol is known to pass into breast milk in small amounts. Etofylline excretion into breast milk is not well studied. Consult your doctor before breastfeeding while taking this medicine.

💊 Overdose Management

Overdose of this medicine can cause severe tachycardia, palpitations, tremor, restlessness, chest pain, and hypokalemia. If you suspect an overdose, seek emergency medical care immediately. Treatment is supportive and may include monitoring of heart rhythm, blood pressure, and electrolyte levels. Do not try to manage an overdose at home.

⏰ Missed Dose

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.

Additional Safety Advice

General Safety

Take this medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not increase the dose or frequency on your own, because higher doses can cause dangerous heart rhythm problems and low potassium levels. Inform your doctor if you have heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, thyroid problems, or a history of seizures. Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medicine, as it can worsen dizziness and heart-related effects. Do not use this medicine to treat an acute asthma attack unless your doctor has specifically instructed you to do so. Keep regular follow-up appointments so your doctor can monitor your heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing. If you are pregnant, planning pregnancy, or breastfeeding, talk to your doctor before using this medicine.

👴 Special Considerations for Elderly

💡 For Patients Above 65

Elderly patients are more likely to experience cardiovascular side effects such as palpitations and arrhythmias. Lower doses may be needed, and regular monitoring of heart rate, blood pressure, and potassium is advised.

🤰 Pregnancy Planning (TTC)

If you are planning pregnancy, discuss this medicine with your doctor. The safety of this combination in pregnancy is not well established, and alternative treatments may be preferred.

🏥 Post-Surgery Considerations

Inform your surgeon and anesthesiologist that you are taking this medicine. It may interact with certain anesthetic agents and can affect heart rate and blood pressure during surgery. Your doctor may advise temporary adjustment.

🦷 Dental Procedures

Inform your dentist that you are taking this medicine. It can cause dry mouth or tremor, which may affect dental treatment. No major interactions with local anesthetics are established, but always share your medication list.

💚 Lifestyle Tips for Better Results

🏃
Avoid smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke.
🥗
Keep your home free from dust, pollen, and other allergens.
😴
Practice breathing exercises as advised by your doctor.
💧
Maintain a healthy weight to reduce strain on your lungs.
🧘
Get regular physical activity as tolerated, such as walking or swimming.
🌞
Stay up to date with your vaccinations, including flu and pneumonia vaccines.

🏋️ Exercise Considerations

Exercise may trigger bronchospasm in some patients. Use your rescue inhaler as prescribed before exercise if advised by your doctor. Avoid strenuous activity in cold, dry air or high pollution. Stop and rest if you feel breathless, dizzy, or have chest pain.

🥗 Diet Recommendations

Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables.
Include potassium-rich foods like bananas and oranges unless advised otherwise.
Limit caffeine and alcohol.
Stay well hydrated.
Avoid foods that trigger your allergies.

💼 Impact on Daily Work & Life

This medicine may cause dizziness, tremor, or palpitations, which can affect driving or operating machinery. Avoid these activities until you know how the medicine affects you. It should not interfere with most desk jobs, but discuss any concerns with your doctor.

🛑 When to Stop This Medicine

Do not stop this medicine suddenly without consulting your doctor. If you experience severe side effects or your condition worsens, contact your doctor immediately. Your doctor will decide whether to adjust the dose or switch to another treatment.

📅 Long-Term Use Effects

Long-term use of this medicine may lead to tolerance, increased heart rate, and low potassium levels. Regular monitoring of heart function, blood pressure, and electrolytes is advised. It should not replace inhaled controller therapy for asthma or COPD. Your doctor may adjust or stop the medicine based on your response and side effects.

🌿 Non-Medicine Approaches

These can complement medicine but do not replace prescribed treatment.

Inhaled bronchodilators

Inhaled salbutamol or other bronchodilators are the preferred first-line treatment for asthma and COPD.

Evidence: Well-established
Inhaled corticosteroids

Used as controller therapy for persistent asthma to reduce airway inflammation.

Evidence: Well-established
Pulmonary rehabilitation

Exercise and education program that can improve breathing and quality of life in COPD.

Evidence: Well-established

💉 Vaccination Considerations

💉 If You're Getting Vaccinated

Patients with chronic respiratory diseases should receive annual influenza vaccination and recommended pneumococcal vaccination. There are no known interactions between this medicine and vaccines, but consult your doctor about timing if you are unwell.

📦 Storage Guide

✅ DO

Store at room temperature (15-30°C)

❌ DON'T

Do not refrigerate unless specified

✅ DO

Keep in original container

❌ DON'T

Do not transfer to unmarked containers

✅ DO

Keep away from direct sunlight

❌ DON'T

Do not store in bathroom cabinet

✈️ Traveling with This Medicine

Carry this medicine in its original packaging with a copy of your prescription. Keep it in your hand luggage to avoid extreme temperatures in checked baggage. If you are traveling across time zones, continue taking your doses at the same intervals as prescribed, but consult your doctor for specific advice. Store it away from direct sunlight and moisture during travel. Check customs regulations for carrying prescription medicines in your destination country.

💰 Cost Analysis & Savings

👥 Real Patient Stories

Educational, anonymized scenarios. Individual results may vary.

👤 A 52-year-old man with chronic bronchitis
He was prescribed this medicine for persistent wheezing and breathlessness. After taking it regularly with breakfast and dinner, he noticed his breathing improved within a week. He also learned to avoid coffee because it made his hands shaky.
💡 Lesson: Taking the medicine with food and avoiding caffeine helps reduce side effects and improves tolerability.
👤 A 38-year-old woman with asthma
She was given this tablet as add-on therapy because her inhaler alone was not enough. She initially felt her heart racing, but this settled after a few days. Her doctor monitored her potassium levels regularly.
💡 Lesson: Mild side effects often improve with time, but regular monitoring is important, especially for heart rate and potassium.

💬 Questions Patients Often Ask

Q: How long does it take to work?

A: This medicine usually starts working within 30 to 60 minutes after taking a dose, but the full effect may take longer. Follow your doctor's instructions.

Q: Can I take this medicine every day?

A: Yes, if prescribed by your doctor for a chronic condition like asthma or COPD. Do not take it without medical advice.

Q: What are the common side effects?

A: Common side effects include hand tremors, nervousness, headache, and palpitations. These often reduce with continued use.

Q: Is this medicine safe in pregnancy?

A: The safety of this combination in pregnancy is not well established. Consult your doctor before taking it.

Q: Can I take this medicine with other asthma medicines?

A: Only under your doctor's supervision. Some combinations can increase side effects.

🤔 Common Patient Concerns

💭 These are the concerns patients most commonly raise

  • Can I take this medicine long-term?
  • Will it affect my heart?
  • Can I drive after taking this medicine?
  • Does it interact with my blood pressure medicine?
  • What if I miss a dose?
  • Can I drink alcohol while taking this?
  • Is it safe in pregnancy?
  • Can I take it with my inhaler?

🔄 Substitutes for azmino plus tablet

View All

Alternative brands with exact same active ingredient:

Medical Note: Always consult your doctor before switching medications.

🛑 Myths vs. Facts

  • Myth: This medicine can replace my inhaler.
    Fact: Inhaled medicines are the preferred treatment for asthma and COPD. This oral tablet is not a substitute for an inhaler unless your doctor specifically advises it.
  • Myth: I can take extra tablets if I feel breathless.
    Fact: Taking extra doses can cause dangerous heart rhythm problems and low potassium. Always follow the prescribed dose.
  • Myth: This medicine is safe for everyone.
    Fact: It is not safe for people with certain heart conditions, severe hyperthyroidism, or active peptic ulcer disease. Always inform your doctor about your medical history.

🔄 Alternative Options

Generic Alternatives

  • Salbutamol + Etofylline tablet

Brand Alternatives

  • Azmino Plus Tablet

📊 Comparison with Similar Medicines

[{"medicine":"This medicine (Salbutamol + Etofylline)","class":"Oral bronchodilator combination","route":"Oral","onset":"30-60 minutes","duration":"4-6 hours","notes":"Used for maintenance therapy in obstructive airway diseases."},{"medicine":"Salbutamol inhaler","class":"Inhaled beta-2 agonist","route":"Inhalation","onset":"5-15 minutes","duration":"4-6 hours","notes":"Preferred for quick relief of acute bronchospasm."},{"medicine":"Theophylline tablet","class":"Oral xanthine bronchodilator","route":"Oral","onset":"30-60 minutes","duration":"6-12 hours","notes":"Narrow therapeutic index; requires monitoring."}]

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