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1. Liver Enzymes (Cell Injury & Fatty Liver)
2. Bilirubin (Jaundice & Bile Duct Function)
3. Liver Proteins & Synthesis (Albumin & Globulin)
What is a Liver Function Test (LFT) & Normal Range in India?
A Liver Function Test (LFT) is a group of blood tests that evaluate how well your liver is functioning by measuring hepatic enzymes, bilirubin levels, and liver proteins. According to standard ICMR and INASL clinical reference ranges for adults in India, normal SGPT (ALT) is 7–56 U/L, normal SGOT (AST) is 10–40 U/L, and normal Total Bilirubin ranges between 0.2 to 1.2 mg/dL. Serum Albumin should typically be 3.5–5.0 g/dL. Elevated enzyme levels frequently indicate fatty liver disease (NAFLD), viral hepatitis, alcohol irritation, or medication side effects.
How to Read and Interpret Your LFT Lab Report in 4 Steps:
- Check Liver Enzymes (SGPT & SGOT): SGPT (ALT) is liver-specific. Mild elevations (50–150 U/L) usually indicate Fatty Liver or obesity. Moderate to severe spikes (>300 U/L) suggest acute hepatitis or drug toxicity.
- Examine AST/ALT (De Ritis) Ratio: An AST/ALT ratio > 2.0 is strongly associated with alcoholic liver disease, whereas a ratio < 1.0 is typical of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
- Review Bilirubin Levels (Jaundice Assessment): Total Bilirubin > 2.0 mg/dL causes visible yellowing of eyes and skin (Jaundice). Conjugated (Direct) bilirubin elevation points to biliary tract or gallbladder obstruction.
- Inspect Synthetic Function (Albumin & Total Protein): Low Albumin (< 3.5 g/dL) or inverted A/G Ratio (< 1.0) reflects chronic liver dysfunction, cirrhosis, or malnutrition.
Liver Function Test (LFT) Normal Values Chart (ICMR / INASL Standards)
| Parameter | Normal (Male) | Normal (Female) | Standard Unit | High Flag Meaning (↑) | Low Flag Meaning (↓) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SGPT (ALT) | 10 – 55 | 7 – 45 | U/L | Fatty Liver (NAFLD), Viral Hepatitis, Muscle Damage | Normal Baseline Finding |
| SGOT (AST) | 10 – 40 | 9 – 35 | U/L | Alcoholic Liver Injury, Heart Stress, Severe Hepatitis | Normal Baseline Finding |
| Total Bilirubin | 0.2 – 1.2 | mg/dL | Jaundice, Hemolysis, Gilbert's Syndrome, Bile Duct Block | Normal Baseline Finding | |
| Direct (Conjugated) Bilirubin | 0.0 – 0.3 | mg/dL | Gallstones, Biliary Obstruction, Cholestasis | Normal Baseline Finding | |
| Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) | 44 – 147 | IU/L | Bile Duct Obstruction, Bone Disorders, Pregnancy | Zinc Deficiency, Malnutrition | |
| Serum Albumin | 3.5 – 5.2 | g/dL | Dehydration | Chronic Liver Failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome | |
| Total Protein | 6.3 – 8.3 | g/dL | Chronic Infection, Multiple Myeloma | Severe Malnutrition, Liver/Kidney Disease | |
| Albumin/Globulin (A/G) Ratio | 1.2 – 2.2 | ratio | Usually Benign | Liver Cirrhosis, Autoimmune Hepatitis (Inverted Ratio) | |
*Note: Reference ranges may vary slightly depending on laboratory equipment and reagent kits. Always consult your doctor for diagnostic confirmation.
Frequently Asked Questions (LFT FAQs)
What is considered a normal SGPT (ALT) and SGOT (AST) level in India?
According to ICMR and INASL laboratory guidelines, normal adult SGPT (ALT) ranges between 7 to 56 U/L (often up to 45 U/L in females and 55 U/L in males). Normal SGOT (AST) is between 10 to 40 U/L. Mild elevations (50-100 U/L) are very common due to fatty liver or sedentary lifestyle, but levels exceeding 300 U/L indicate acute hepatitis or liver inflammation.
Kya LFT (Liver Function Test) ke liye fasting zaroori hai?
Haan, Liver Function Test (LFT) ke liye 10-12 ghante ki fasting recommend ki jaati hai. Khana khane se Bilirubin, Triglycerides aur serum turbidity par asar pad sakta hai, jisse enzymes ki reading accurate nahi aati. Test subah ke samay paani peene ke sath karwana best hota hai.
SGPT 80 ya 100 se upar hone ka kya matlab hai? Kya ye Fatty Liver hai?
Agar aapka SGPT 80 se 120 ke beech hai aur aap alcohol nahi lete, to iska sabse aam karan Grade 1 ya Grade 2 Fatty Liver (NAFLD) hota hai. Pet ke aas-paas extra fat jama hone se liver cells par stress padta hai aur SGPT khoon me leak hota hai. Doctor se milkar Liver Ultrasound (USG Abdomen) karwana chahiye.
Kya Fatty Liver aur high SGPT ko reverse kiya ja sakta hai?
Bilkul! Liver hamare shareer ka ekmatra organ hai jo regenerate ho sakta hai. Agar aap apna 7-10% body weight kam karein, refined sugar, maida, processed food aur alcohol poori tarah band karein, aur daily 30-40 minute brisk walk karein, to 2 se 3 mahine me SGPT normal ho jata hai aur fatty liver reverse ho sakta hai.
Bilirubin kitna hone par Jaundice (Piliya) mana jata hai?
Normal Total Bilirubin 0.2 se 1.2 mg/dL hota hai. Jab Total Bilirubin 2.0 se 2.5 mg/dL se upar jata hai, tab ankhon ka safed bhag aur peshab peela hone lagta hai (Clinical Jaundice). Bilirubin high hone par turant doctor se consult karein aur Hepatitis A/E ya Gallbladder stones ka checkup karwayein.
Gym workout ya Protein supplement lene se SGPT/SGOT badhta hai kya?
Haan, intense heavy weight lifting ke baad muscle fibers break hote hain, jisse SGOT aur SGPT temporarily 20-30% tak badh sakte hain. Iske alawa agar protein powder me adulteration ho ya excessive intake ho, to liver par burden badh sakta hai. Test karwane se 48 ghante pehle heavy workout avoid karein.
AST/ALT Ratio (De Ritis Ratio) kya batata hai?
Jab SGOT (AST) ki value SGPT (ALT) se doguni hoti hai (AST/ALT ratio > 2.0), to ye Alcoholic Liver Disease ya advanced fibrosis ka sanket hota hai. Wahi doosri taraf, agar SGPT zyada hai aur SGOT kam (ratio < 1.0), to ye aam taur par Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFLD) ko darshata hai.
SaathiMed LFT Analyzer kaise kaam karta hai?
Aap apni LFT lab report ki photo ya PDF upload karein ya values type karein. SaathiMed ka clinical engine turant De Ritis Ratio, Jaundice threshold, aur Fatty Liver risk calculate karke aapko visual needle gauge aur clinically verified diet tips provide karta hai.