itral eye/ear drops - Itraconazole (1% w/v) medicine

Entozole Eye Drop: Comprehensive Guide to Uses, Side Effects, and Safety

No reviews yet
🏭 Jawa Pharmaceuticals Pvt Ltd 📦 Varies by brand 💊 Allopathy 📅 Updated: Sep 26, 2026
📋 Prescription Required 💊 Generic Available
Medically Reviewed
11 min read
Evidence: Moderate for fungal keratitis based on clinical experience and studies.
Reviewed by
SaathiMed Expert Panel | Sep 26, 2026
🩺
Medically Fact-Checked & Clinically Verified by SaathiMed Clinical Review Board
Clinical Reference Standards: CDSCO (Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation), Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP) & WHO | Last Updated: September 2026

When to Call Your Doctor IMMEDIATELY

  • Sudden decrease in vision
  • Severe eye pain unrelieved by medication
  • Increased redness or swelling of the eye
  • Sensitivity to light that worsens
  • Discharge of pus or blood from the eye
  • Signs of allergic reaction: rash, itching, swelling of face or throat, difficulty breathing
  • Eye pain that persists despite treatment

If experiencing severe symptoms, call emergency services immediately.

What is itral eye/ear drops used for?

This medicine is an antifungal eye drop containing itraconazole 1% w/v, used to treat fungal infections of the cornea such as fungal keratitis. It works by disrupting the fungal cell membrane. It is for ophthalmic use only and must be used exactly as prescribed by an eye doctor.

  • Generic Name: Itraconazole (1% w/v)
  • Manufacturer: Jawa Pharmaceuticals Pvt Ltd
  • Form: Allopathy
  • Pregnancy Category: Consult doctor
  • Prescription Required: Yes

🇮🇳 itral eye/ear drops के बारे में (Hindi Summary)

उपयोग: यह दवा आई ड्रॉप के रूप में उपलब्ध है और इसमें आइट्राकोनाज़ोल 1% w/v होता है। यह आंखों के फंगल संक्रमण जैसे फंगल केराटाइटिस (कॉर्निया का फंगल संक्रमण) के इलाज के लिए इस्तेमाल की जाती है। यह फंगस की कोशिका झिल्ली को नष्ट करके उसकी वृद्धि को रोकती है। इसका उपयोग केवल आंखों में डालने के लिए है, मुँह से नहीं लेना है। इसका उपयोग डॉक्टर के निर्देशानुसार ही करें।

साइड इफेक्ट्स: आम दुष्प्रभावों में आंखों में जलन, धुंधली दृष्टि, खुजली या असहजता शामिल हो सकती है। ये आमतौर पर हल्के और अस्थायी होते हैं। गंभीर दुष्प्रभाव दुर्लभ हैं, लेकिन यदि आंखों में तेज दर्द, सूजन, या एलर्जी के लक्षण जैसे चकत्ते, सांस लेने में कठिनाई हो, तो तुरंत डॉक्टर से संपर्क करें।

सुरक्षा सलाह: इस दवा का उपयोग डॉक्टर के बताए अनुसार ही करें। उपयोग से पहले और बाद में हाथ धोएं। ड्रॉपर की नोक को आंख या किसी सतह से न छुएं। कॉन्टैक्ट लेंस पहनने से पहले हटा दें और 15 मिनट बाद ही पहनें। यदि आप गर्भवती हैं या स्तनपान करा रही हैं, तो डॉक्टर को बताएं। दवा को ठंडी और सूखी जगह पर रखें।

💡 Did You Know? Over 80% of the antiretroviral drugs used globally to combat AIDS are supplied by Indian pharmaceutical companies.

💊 itral eye/ear drops Uses & Benefits

[{"condition":"Fungal keratitis","description":"This medicine is used topically to treat fungal infections of the cornea caused by susceptible fungi such as Aspergillus, Candida, and Fusarium species.","evidence":"Established in clinical practice"},{"condition":"Fungal corneal ulcers","description":"It helps in the management of corneal ulcers of fungal origin, reducing the risk of corneal perforation and vision loss.","evidence":"Established in clinical practice"}]

Off-label uses: [{"condition":"Fungal conjunctivitis","description":"May be used off-label for fungal infections of the conjunctiva, though this is not a standard approved indication.","evidence":"Limited"}]

Primary treatment for: Fungal keratitis

Also treats: Fungal corneal ulcers, Fungal conjunctivitis

📋 Drug Information

Generic Name(s)Itraconazole (1% w/v)
Brand Nameitral eye/ear drops
ManufacturerJawa Pharmaceuticals Pvt Ltd
Packaging / FormVaries by brand (Allopathy)
Therapeutic ClassOPHTHAL
Action ClassFungal ergosterol synthesis inhibitor
Route of AdministrationOphthalmic
StorageStore at room temperature (15-30°C). Protect from light and moisture. Keep the bottle tightly closed when not in use. Do not freeze.
Shelf Life24 months from the date of manufacture, or as indicated on the packaging.
WHO GuidelineNot established from the available information.
ICMR GuidelineNot established from the available information.

👨‍⚕️ Doctor's Practical Tips

Evidence-based practical advice from experienced clinicians

1
Always wash your hands before and after applying this eye drop to prevent contamination.
2
Do not touch the dropper tip to your eye or any surface, as this can introduce bacteria.
3
If you wear contact lenses, remove them before application and wait at least 15 minutes before reinserting.
4
Apply the drop into the lower eyelid pouch and close your eye gently for 1-2 minutes to ensure proper absorption.
5
Do not use this medicine for longer than prescribed without consulting your ophthalmologist.
6
If you are using other eye drops, wait at least 5-10 minutes between applications.
7
Keep the bottle tightly closed and store at room temperature, away from direct sunlight.

🔍 Is This Medicine Right for Your Symptom?

Educational reference. Always consult a doctor for diagnosis.

✅
Eye pain and redness
This medicine is commonly prescribed for fungal eye infections causing these symptoms.
Likely Use
✅
Blurred vision
May be used if blurred vision is due to fungal keratitis.
Likely Use
❌
Watery eyes
This medicine is not a primary treatment for watery eyes unless due to fungal infection.
Not Primary

🔬 How This Medicine Works (Pharmacology)

Pharmacokinetics

AbsorptionSystemic absorption following topical ophthalmic administration is expected to be minimal. However, some absorption may occur through the nasolacrimal duct and conjunctival vessels. Not established from the available information for this specific formulation.
DistributionNot established from the available information for ophthalmic use. Systemically, itraconazole is highly protein-bound and distributes widely into tissues, but topical eye application limits systemic distribution.
Protein BindingNot established from the available information for ophthalmic use. Systemically, itraconazole is approximately 99.8% bound to plasma proteins.
MetabolismNot established from the available information for ophthalmic use. Systemically, itraconazole is extensively metabolized in the liver by cytochrome P450 3A4 into several metabolites.
Half-LifeNot established from the available information for ophthalmic use. Systemically, the elimination half-life of itraconazole is approximately 21 hours after a single dose, but it may increase with multiple dosing.
ExcretionNot established from the available information for ophthalmic use. Systemically, itraconazole is excreted mainly as inactive metabolites in urine and feces.
BioavailabilityNot established from the available information for ophthalmic use. Systemic bioavailability of oral itraconazole is variable and affected by food and gastric acidity.
Onset of ActionNot established from the available information for ophthalmic use. Clinical improvement in fungal keratitis may be observed within days to weeks of starting therapy, depending on the severity and causative organism.
Peak Plasma TimeNot established from the available information for ophthalmic use. Systemically, peak plasma concentrations are reached 2-5 hours after oral administration.
Duration of ActionNot established from the available information for ophthalmic use. The effect is localized and requires frequent dosing as prescribed.

How It Works

Itraconazole, the active ingredient in this medicine, is a triazole antifungal agent that inhibits the fungal cytochrome P450 enzyme 14α-demethylase. This enzyme is responsible for converting lanosterol to ergosterol, a critical component of the fungal cell membrane. By inhibiting this step, itraconazole disrupts the synthesis of ergosterol, leading to increased membrane permeability and leakage of cellular contents, ultimately causing fungal cell death. This medicine is applied topically to the eye, allowing direct contact with the infected corneal tissue.

Mechanism Steps

1
Penetration into fungal cell: Itraconazole penetrates the fungal cell wall and reaches the endoplasmic reticulum where the target enzyme is located.
2
Inhibition of CYP51: Itraconazole binds to and inhibits the fungal cytochrome P450 enzyme 14α-demethylase (CYP51), blocking the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol.
3
Ergosterol depletion: The inhibition leads to a depletion of ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane, disrupting its structure and function.
4
Fungal cell death: The compromised membrane causes leakage of essential cellular components, resulting in fungal cell death.

💡 How to Take itral eye/ear drops

Strength: Itraconazole 1% w/v eye drops

1Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water.
2Shake the bottle gently if instructed.
3Tilt your head back and pull down your lower eyelid to form a pouch.
4Hold the dropper above the eye and squeeze one drop into the pouch.
5Close your eye gently and press the inner corner with your finger for 1-2 minutes to prevent drainage.
6Wipe away any excess solution with a clean tissue.
7Replace the cap tightly and wash your hands again.

Dosage Information

Adult DosageThe dosage of this medicine must be individualized by a qualified ophthalmologist based on the severity of the infection, the causative organism, and the patient's response to treatment. Typically, one drop is instilled into the affected eye every 1-2 hours initially, then tapered gradually as the infection resolves. Follow your doctor's instructions exactly. Do not self-adjust the dose.
Pediatric DosagePediatric dosing is not established from available information. Consult a pediatric ophthalmologist.
Elderly DosageNo specific dosage adjustments are established for elderly patients. Use as prescribed by your ophthalmologist.
Renal ImpairmentNo dosage adjustments are established for renal impairment with ophthalmic use. Consult your doctor.
Hepatic ImpairmentNo dosage adjustments are established for hepatic impairment with ophthalmic use. Consult your doctor.
Maximum Daily DoseNot established from the available information. Follow your doctor's prescription.

Dosage Timeline

🌅 Morning ❌ ☀️ Afternoon ❌ 🌆 Evening ❌ 🌙 Night ❌

⏰ What to Do If You Miss a Dose

📌 Less than half the dosing interval has passed
→ Take the missed dose as soon as you remember.
💡 Continue with the regular schedule.
📌 More than half the dosing interval has passed
→ Skip the missed dose.
💡 Do not double dose to catch up.

⚠️ Side Effects of itral eye/ear drops

✅ Common Side Effects

Eye irritation (Common (1-10%))
This usually resolves on its own. If it persists or worsens, consult your eye doctor.
Blurred vision (Common (1-10%))
Avoid driving or operating machinery until vision clears. If blurred vision persists, contact your doctor.
Burning or stinging (Common (1-10%))
This is temporary. If severe or persistent, consult your doctor.
Foreign body sensation (Common (1-10%))
Usually transient. If it continues, speak to your doctor.

🚨 Serious Side Effects

Severe allergic reaction (Rare (<0.1%))
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience rash, itching, swelling of the face, lips, or throat, or difficulty breathing.
Corneal toxicity (Rare (<0.1%))
Report persistent eye pain, redness, or worsening vision to your ophthalmologist immediately.
Secondary infection (Rare (<0.1%))
If you notice new or worsening symptoms, consult your doctor.

⚠️ Rare Side Effects

Eyelid swelling
Discontinue use and consult your doctor if swelling occurs.
Punctate keratitis
Seek medical advice if you experience eye pain or increased sensitivity to light.

Consult your doctor if you experience any unusual symptoms.

🔬 Drug Interactions

Drug Severity Effect
Other eye drops Moderate

🚨 Major Interactions

  • Other ophthalmic medications

🍷 Alcohol Interaction

No known interaction with alcohol when used as an eye drop. However, alcohol consumption may affect overall health and should be moderated.

🔎 Check Your Other Medicines

Educational tool. Always confirm with your doctor or pharmacist.

🛡️ Safety & Warnings

🚫 Contraindications

["Hypersensitivity to itraconazole or any component of the formulation","Untreated bacterial or viral eye infections","Fungal infections not susceptible to itraconazole"]

⚠️ Warnings & Precautions

["For ophthalmic use only. Do not inject or ingest.","Do not touch the dropper tip to any surface to avoid contamination.","Remove contact lenses before application and wait 15 minutes before reinserting.","If symptoms persist or worsen, consult your ophthalmologist.","Use with caution in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to azoles.","Prolonged use may lead to overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms."]

🤱 Lactation Safety

Not established from the available information for ophthalmic use. Systemically, itraconazole is excreted in breast milk. Consult your doctor before using this medicine while breastfeeding.

💊 Overdose Management

Overdose with this ophthalmic preparation is unlikely due to the small volume. If accidental ingestion occurs, seek medical attention immediately. Symptoms of systemic itraconazole overdose may include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and dizziness. Treatment is supportive and symptomatic.

⏰ Missed Dose

If you miss a dose, apply it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.

Additional Safety Advice

General Safety

Use this medicine exactly as prescribed by your eye doctor. Wash your hands thoroughly before and after applying the drops. Avoid touching the dropper tip to your eye or any surface to prevent contamination. Do not share this medicine with others. If you wear contact lenses, remove them before application and wait at least 15 minutes before reinserting, unless your doctor advises otherwise. Do not use this medicine if the solution appears cloudy or discolored. Keep the bottle tightly closed when not in use. Inform your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. Do not use this medicine for any other eye condition without medical advice.

👴 Special Considerations for Elderly

💡 For Patients Above 65

Elderly patients may be more susceptible to eye infections and should use this medicine with caution. Follow your doctor's instructions and attend regular follow-ups.

🤰 Pregnancy Planning (TTC)

If you are planning to become pregnant, consult your doctor before using this medicine. Systemic absorption is minimal, but caution is advised.

🏥 Post-Surgery Considerations

If you have had eye surgery, consult your ophthalmologist before using this medicine. It may be prescribed if a fungal infection occurs post-operatively.

🦷 Dental Procedures

No specific considerations for dental procedures. Inform your dentist about all medications you are taking.

💚 Lifestyle Tips for Better Results

🏃
Maintain good eye hygiene, especially if you wear contact lenses.
🥗
Avoid touching your eyes with unclean hands.
😴
Follow your doctor's follow-up schedule to monitor healing.
💧
Avoid sharing eye drops or cosmetics.
🧘
Protect your eyes from injury and sunlight.
🌞
Eat a balanced diet rich in vitamins A, C, and E for eye health.

🏋️ Exercise Considerations

No specific exercise restrictions are required while using this medicine. However, if you experience blurred vision, avoid activities that require clear vision, such as swimming or contact sports, until vision is clear.

🥗 Diet Recommendations

Include foods rich in vitamin A (carrots, spinach) for eye health.
Stay hydrated to maintain overall health.
Avoid excessive alcohol consumption.
Eat a balanced diet to support immune function.

💼 Impact on Daily Work & Life

This medicine may cause temporary blurred vision after application. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until your vision is clear. You can continue most daily activities, but take precautions if your vision is affected.

🛑 When to Stop This Medicine

Do not stop using this medicine without consulting your ophthalmologist. Stopping early may lead to recurrence of the infection. Your doctor will determine when it is safe to stop based on your healing progress.

📅 Long-Term Use Effects

Long-term use of this medicine may increase the risk of corneal toxicity or secondary infections. Regular monitoring by an ophthalmologist is recommended. Do not use for prolonged periods without medical supervision.

🌿 Non-Medicine Approaches

These can complement medicine but do not replace prescribed treatment.

Natamycin eye drops

Another antifungal eye drop that may be used for fungal keratitis.

Evidence: Well-established
Oral antifungals

In severe cases, oral itraconazole or other antifungals may be added.

Evidence: Established in clinical practice

💉 Vaccination Considerations

💉 If You're Getting Vaccinated

No known interaction with vaccines. Continue routine vaccinations as per schedule.

📦 Storage Guide

✅ DO

Store at room temperature (15-30°C)

❌ DON'T

Do not refrigerate unless specified

✅ DO

Keep in original container

❌ DON'T

Do not transfer to unmarked containers

✅ DO

Keep away from direct sunlight

❌ DON'T

Do not store in bathroom cabinet

✈️ Traveling with This Medicine

When traveling with this medicine, carry it in its original packaging along with a copy of your prescription. Keep it in your carry-on luggage to avoid temperature extremes in checked baggage. Store at room temperature and protect from light. If traveling across time zones, continue your dosing schedule as prescribed, but consult your doctor for specific adjustments. Declare the medication at customs if required.

💰 Cost Analysis & Savings

👥 Real Patient Stories

Educational, anonymized scenarios. Individual results may vary.

👤 A 50-year-old farmer with a corneal injury from plant material
He developed fungal keratitis after a thorn injury to his eye. He was prescribed this medicine and instructed to apply it every hour initially. After two weeks of consistent use, his infection improved significantly. He emphasized the importance of not missing doses and keeping follow-up appointments.
💡 Lesson: Early diagnosis and strict adherence to the dosing schedule are crucial for successful treatment of fungal keratitis.
👤 A 35-year-old contact lens wearer with fungal eye infection
She presented with eye pain and blurred vision. She was diagnosed with fungal keratitis and started on this medicine. She was advised to stop wearing contact lenses during treatment. She recovered fully after 6 weeks of therapy.
💡 Lesson: Contact lens wearers should strictly follow hygiene practices and avoid lens use during eye infections.

💬 Questions Patients Often Ask

Q: How long does it take to work?

A: Improvement may be seen within a few days to weeks, depending on the severity of the infection. Complete healing may take several weeks. Follow your doctor's instructions and attend follow-up appointments.

Q: Can I use this medicine for bacterial eye infection?

A: No, this medicine is specifically for fungal infections. Using it for bacterial infections is ineffective and may delay appropriate treatment.

Q: Is this medicine safe for children?

A: Safety and efficacy in children have not been established. Consult a pediatric ophthalmologist.

Q: What should I do if I miss a dose?

A: Apply the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

🤔 Common Patient Concerns

💭 These are the concerns patients most commonly raise

  • Can I use this medicine for red eye?
  • How long should I use this eye drop?
  • Is it safe to use with other eye drops?
  • Can I wear contact lenses while using this medicine?
  • What if I accidentally swallow this medicine?
  • Does this medicine cause blurred vision?

🔄 Substitutes for itral eye/ear drops

View All

Alternative brands with exact same active ingredient:

Medical Note: Always consult your doctor before switching medications.

🛑 Myths vs. Facts

  • Myth: This medicine can be used for any eye infection.
    Fact: This medicine is specifically for fungal eye infections. Using it for bacterial or viral infections is ineffective and may delay proper treatment.
  • Myth: You can stop using this medicine as soon as symptoms improve.
    Fact: You must complete the full course as prescribed by your doctor to prevent recurrence and resistance.

📊 Comparison with Similar Medicines

[{"medicine":"This medicine","class":"Triazole antifungal","route":"Ophthalmic","primary_use":"Fungal keratitis"},{"medicine":"Natamycin","class":"Polyene antifungal","route":"Ophthalmic","primary_use":"Fungal keratitis"}]

😊 Was this information helpful?

Browse Medicines A-Z

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Back to Medicines Directory