a nil tablet - Metronidazole (200mg) + Diloxanide (250mg) medicine

A Nil Tablet: Complete Medicine Guide

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🏭 Pan Pharmaceuticals Ltd 📦 Varies by brand 💊 Allopathy 📅 Updated: Nov 11, 2026
🤰 Pregnancy Category Metronidazole is not recommended during the first trimester of pregnancy unless clearly needed. Diloxanide safety in pregnancy is not well established. Consult your doctor if you are pregnant or planning pregnancy. 📋 Prescription Required 💊 Generic Available
Medically Reviewed
11 min read
Evidence: Well-established for metronidazole in amoebiasis and giardiasis; diloxanide is established as a luminal amoebicide.
Dr. Ravishankar Kumar
Medically Reviewed by Dr. Ravishankar Kumar ✓ Verified Doctor
B.A.M.S. (RMLAU Ayodhya) • Ex-Balrampur Hospital, Lucknow
Dr. Ravishankar Kumar
Clinically Verified by Dr. Ravishankar Kumar (B.A.M.S., RMLAU) — View Medical Verification Profile ↗
Clinical Background: Balrampur Hospital, Lucknow (Emergency Medicine) & SCPM Hospital | Standards: CDSCO, Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP) & WHO

When to Call Your Doctor IMMEDIATELY

  • Blood in stool or vomit
  • Severe abdominal pain
  • Chest pain or difficulty breathing
  • Severe headache with visual changes
  • Sudden swelling of face, lips, or throat
  • Yellowing of skin or eyes
  • Decreased urine output
  • Seizures or confusion

If experiencing severe symptoms, call emergency services immediately.

What is a nil tablet used for?

This medicine is a combination of metronidazole and diloxanide used to treat intestinal parasitic infections like amoebiasis and giardiasis. It works by killing the parasites in the gut. It is a prescription medicine and should be taken exactly as directed by your doctor.

  • Generic Name: Metronidazole + Diloxanide
  • Manufacturer: Pan Pharmaceuticals Ltd
  • Form: Allopathy
  • Pregnancy Category: Consult doctor
  • Prescription Required: Yes

🇮🇳 a nil tablet के बारे में (Hindi Summary)

उपयोग: यह दवा मेट्रोनिडाजोल और डाइलोक्सानाइड का संयोजन है, जिसका उपयोग आंतों में होने वाले परजीवी संक्रमण जैसे अमीबiasis (अमीबिक पेचिश) और जिआर्डिया के इलाज के लिए किया जाता है। यह दवा परजीवियों को मारकर दस्त, पेट दर्द और अन्य लक्षणों को कम करती है। इसे डॉक्टर के निर्देशानुसार ही लें।

साइड इफेक्ट्स: आम दुष्प्रभावों में जी मिचलाना, मुँह में धातु जैसा स्वाद, पेट में असहजता, सिरदर्द और भूख में कमी शामिल हैं। गंभीर दुष्प्रभाव दुर्लभ हैं, लेकिन यदि साँस लेने में कठिनाई, चेहरे या गले में सूजन, या असामान्य रक्तस्राव हो तो तुरंत डॉक्टर से मिलें।

सुरक्षा सलाह: इस दवा को डॉक्टर के बताए अनुसार ही लें। उपचार के दौरान और आखिरी खुराक के 48 घंटे बाद तक शराब बिल्कुल न लें, क्योंकि इससे गंभीर प्रतिक्रिया हो सकती है। यदि आपको लीवर या किडनी की समस्या है, या आप गर्भवती या स्तनपान करा रही हैं, तो डॉक्टर को बताएं। दवा को बच्चों की पहुँच से दूर रखें।

💡 Did You Know? India is the largest provider of generic medicines globally, supplying over 50% of global vaccine demand.

a nil tablet Uses & Benefits

Amoebiasis (amoebic dysentery) Well-established

Treats intestinal infection caused by Entamoeba histolytica, relieving diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloody stools.

Giardiasis Well-established

Eradicates Giardia lamblia parasites from the intestine, resolving diarrhea and malabsorption.

Anaerobic bacterial infections Established for metronidazole component

Used for certain anaerobic infections when metronidazole is indicated, though diloxanide adds no antibacterial coverage.

Off-Label & Investigational Uses:

Bacterial vaginosis Not established for combination (Off-label)

Metronidazole alone is standard; combination with diloxanide is not standard and not recommended.

Primary Treatment for: Amoebiasis
Also Treats:
Giardiasis Anaerobic bacterial infections

📋 Drug Information

Generic Name(s)Metronidazole + Diloxanide
Brand NameAldezol DF 400mg/500mg Tablet
ManufacturerPan Pharmaceuticals Ltd
Packaging / FormVaries by brand (Allopathy)
Therapeutic ClassANTI INFECTIVES
Action ClassAntiprotozoal
Route of AdministrationOral
StorageStore at room temperature between 15°C and 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep in the original container.
Shelf Life24 months from the date of manufacture.
WHO GuidelineNot established from the available information.
ICMR GuidelineNot established from the available information.

👨‍⚕️ Doctor's Practical Tips

Evidence-based practical advice from experienced clinicians

1
Take this medicine with food to reduce stomach upset and nausea.
2
Avoid alcohol completely during treatment and for 48 hours after the last dose.
3
Complete the full course even if you feel better to prevent relapse.
4
Stay well hydrated, especially if you have diarrhea.
5
Inform your doctor if you have liver or kidney problems before starting this medicine.
6
Report any numbness, tingling, or unusual bleeding to your doctor promptly.

🔍 Is This Medicine Right for Your Symptom?

Educational reference. Always consult a doctor for diagnosis.

✅
Bloody diarrhea
This medicine is commonly prescribed for amoebic dysentery.
Likely Use
✅
Watery diarrhea with bloating
May be used for giardiasis.
Likely Use
❌
Fever
This medicine is not a primary fever reducer.
Not Primary
❌
Common cold
This medicine is not effective for viral infections.
Not Primary

🔬 How This Medicine Works (Pharmacology)

Pharmacokinetics

AbsorptionMetronidazole is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. Diloxanide furoate is also absorbed but a significant portion remains in the gut lumen to exert local amoebicidal action.
DistributionMetronidazole distributes widely into body tissues and fluids, including cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and breast milk. Diloxanide distribution is less well characterized but it is thought to have limited systemic distribution.
Protein BindingMetronidazole is less than 20% bound to plasma proteins. Protein binding of diloxanide is not well established.
MetabolismMetronidazole is metabolized in the liver by cytochrome P450 enzymes, mainly CYP2C9 and CYP3A4, to hydroxy and acid metabolites. Diloxanide is metabolized in the liver, mainly by conjugation.
Half-LifeMetronidazole elimination half-life is approximately 6 to 8 hours in adults with normal liver function. The half-life of diloxanide is not well established.
ExcretionMetronidazole and its metabolites are excreted primarily in the urine, with a smaller fraction in feces. Diloxanide is excreted mainly in urine as glucuronide conjugates, with some in feces.
BioavailabilityMetronidazole oral bioavailability is high, approximately 80% or more. Bioavailability of diloxanide from the combination tablet is not well established.
Onset of ActionSymptom improvement typically begins within 24 to 48 hours of starting therapy, but complete eradication requires the full course.
Peak Plasma TimeMetronidazole peak plasma concentration occurs about 1 to 2 hours after oral administration. Peak plasma time for diloxanide is not well established.
Duration of ActionThe therapeutic effect lasts as long as the medicine is taken. A typical course lasts 5 to 10 days, depending on the infection.

How It Works

Metronidazole enters susceptible microorganisms and is reduced by ferredoxin-like electron transport proteins, creating reactive intermediates that damage DNA and inhibit nucleic acid synthesis, leading to cell death. Diloxanide is a luminal amoebicide that acts primarily in the intestinal lumen, killing trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica by an unknown mechanism, possibly interfering with protein synthesis.

Mechanism Steps

1
Metronidazole uptake and activation: Metronidazole diffuses into anaerobic microorganisms and is reduced by ferredoxin, generating reactive nitro radical anions.
2
DNA damage: The reactive intermediates bind to DNA, causing strand breakage and inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis, leading to microbial death.
3
Diloxanide luminal action: Diloxanide remains largely in the gut lumen and acts on Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites, though its exact mechanism is not fully understood.
4
Combined effect: Metronidazole kills tissue-invading parasites while diloxanide eliminates luminal cysts and trophozoites, reducing relapse.

💡 How to Take a nil tablet

Strength: Each tablet contains Metronidazole 200 mg and Diloxanide 250 mg.

1Take this medicine orally with a full glass of water.
2Take with food or milk to reduce stomach upset.
3Swallow the tablet whole; do not crush or chew.
4Take at evenly spaced intervals as prescribed.
5Complete the full course even if symptoms improve.
6Avoid alcohol completely during and for 48 hours after treatment.

Dosage Information

Adult DosageThe usual adult dose is one tablet taken orally two to three times daily, depending on the infection being treated. The exact dose and duration must be individualized by a qualified clinician based on the indication, age, weight, renal and hepatic function. Always follow your doctor's prescription. Do not self-medicate.
Pediatric DosagePediatric dosing is not established from available information. Consult a pediatrician for appropriate dosing in children.
Elderly DosageElderly patients may be more sensitive to the side effects of metronidazole, especially neurological effects. Dose adjustment may be needed based on liver and kidney function. Consult your doctor.
Renal ImpairmentIn patients with severe renal impairment, metronidazole dose may need to be reduced. Diloxanide dose adjustment in renal impairment is not well established. Consult your doctor for individualized dosing.
Hepatic ImpairmentIn patients with severe liver disease, metronidazole dose should be reduced due to prolonged half-life. Diloxanide should be used with caution. Consult your doctor for individualized dosing.
Maximum Daily DoseThe maximum daily dose is not established from available information. Follow your doctor's prescription.

Dosage Timeline

🌅 Morning ❌ ☀️ Afternoon ❌ 🌆 Evening ❌ 🌙 Night ❌

🍽️ Food Timing Guide

With food
Take with meals
Reduces stomach upset and nausea.
Alcohol
Avoid completely
Can cause disulfiram-like reaction.

⏰ What to Do If You Miss a Dose

📌 Less than half the dosing interval has passed
→ Take the missed dose as soon as you remember.
💡 Continue with the regular schedule.
📌 More than half the dosing interval has passed
→ Skip the missed dose.
💡 Do not double dose to catch up.

⚠️ Side Effects of a nil tablet

✅ Common Side Effects

Nausea (Common (up to 10%))
Take with food or milk to reduce nausea. If it persists, consult your doctor.
Metallic taste (Common (up to 10%))
Usually temporary. Chewing sugar-free gum or rinsing mouth may help.
Stomach discomfort (Common (5-10%))
Take with meals. Avoid spicy or fatty foods.
Headache (Common (5-10%))
Rest and stay hydrated. Consult doctor if severe or persistent.
Loss of appetite (Common (5-10%))
Eat small, frequent meals. Consult doctor if it continues.

🚨 Serious Side Effects

Severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) (Rare (<0.1%))
Seek emergency medical help immediately if you experience swelling of face, lips, throat, difficulty breathing, or rash.
Peripheral neuropathy (Rare (<0.1%))
Report numbness, tingling, or pain in hands or feet to your doctor promptly.
Blood disorders (e.g., leukopenia, thrombocytopenia) (Rare (<0.1%))
Inform doctor if you notice unusual bruising, bleeding, or signs of infection.
Seizures (Very rare (<0.01%))
Seek immediate medical attention if seizures occur.
Encephalopathy (Very rare (<0.01%))
Report confusion, dizziness, or trouble speaking to your doctor immediately.

⚠️ Rare Side Effects

Pancreatitis
Seek medical help if severe abdominal pain radiating to back occurs.
Optic neuropathy
Report vision changes or eye pain to your doctor immediately.
Aseptic meningitis
Seek immediate care for severe headache, stiff neck, and fever.

Consult your doctor if you experience any unusual symptoms.

🔬 Drug Interactions

Drug Severity Effect
Warfarin Major
Alcohol Major
Lithium Major
Phenytoin Moderate
Cimetidine Moderate
Disulfiram Moderate
Cyclosporine Moderate
Antacids Minor
Oral contraceptives Minor

🚨 Major Interactions

  • Warfarin
  • Alcohol
  • Lithium
  • Phenytoin

⚡ Moderate Interactions

  • Cimetidine
  • Disulfiram
  • Cyclosporine

🍷 Alcohol Interaction

Alcohol must be strictly avoided while taking this medicine and for at least 48 hours after the last dose. Combining them can cause a disulfiram-like reaction with flushing, severe nausea, vomiting, headache, and rapid heartbeat. It may also reduce the effectiveness of treatment.

🔎 Check Your Other Medicines

Educational tool. Always confirm with your doctor or pharmacist.

🛡️ Safety & Warnings

🚫 Contraindications

["Known hypersensitivity to metronidazole, diloxanide, or any component of the formulation","First trimester of pregnancy (unless clearly needed)","Severe liver disease without specialist supervision","Use of disulfiram within the past two weeks","Alcohol consumption during treatment and for 48 hours after"]

⚠️ Warnings & Precautions

["Avoid alcohol completely during and for 48 hours after treatment.","May cause dizziness or confusion; avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how it affects you.","Inform your doctor if you have liver or kidney disease.","May cause dark urine, which is harmless.","Do not use for longer than prescribed without medical advice.","May interact with blood thinners; inform your doctor if you take warfarin.","Not recommended for use in children under 12 years without specialist advice."]

🤱 Lactation Safety

Metronidazole passes into breast milk. It is generally considered safe during breastfeeding, but some experts recommend avoiding breastfeeding for 12-24 hours after a single high dose. Diloxanide safety in breast milk is not well established. Consult your doctor before breastfeeding while on this medicine.

💊 Overdose Management

Overdose may cause nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and headache. In severe cases, seizures or peripheral neuropathy may occur. There is no specific antidote. Treatment is supportive and symptomatic. Seek immediate medical attention if overdose is suspected.

⏰ Missed Dose

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.

Additional Safety Advice

General Safety

Take this medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not skip doses or stop early. Avoid alcohol completely during treatment and for at least 48 hours after the last dose, as it can cause severe nausea, vomiting, flushing, and rapid heartbeat. Inform your doctor if you have liver or kidney problems, or if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. Do not share this medicine with others. Keep out of reach of children.

👴 Special Considerations for Elderly

💡 For Patients Above 65

Elderly patients may be more prone to neurological side effects like dizziness and peripheral neuropathy. Dose adjustment may be needed based on liver and kidney function. Regular monitoring is advised.

🤰 Pregnancy Planning (TTC)

If you are planning pregnancy, consult your doctor before taking this medicine. It is not recommended during the first trimester. Use effective contraception during treatment if you are of childbearing age.

🏥 Post-Surgery Considerations

Inform your surgeon and anesthesiologist if you are taking this medicine before surgery. It may interact with other medications used during surgery.

🦷 Dental Procedures

Inform your dentist if you are taking this medicine before any dental procedure. It may interact with antibiotics or anesthetics used.

💚 Lifestyle Tips for Better Results

🏃
Maintain good hand hygiene to prevent reinfection.
🥗
Drink boiled or filtered water.
😴
Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly before eating.
💧
Avoid raw or undercooked meat and seafood.
🧘
Get adequate rest to support recovery.
🌞
Stay well hydrated, especially during diarrhea.

🏋️ Exercise Considerations

If you experience dizziness or fatigue while taking this medicine, avoid strenuous exercise until you feel better. Light activity is generally safe.

🥗 Diet Recommendations

Eat small, frequent meals if you have nausea.
Include bland, easy-to-digest foods like rice, bananas, and toast.
Avoid spicy, oily, and processed foods.
Stay well hydrated with oral rehydration solutions if you have diarrhea.
Avoid alcohol completely.

💼 Impact on Daily Work & Life

This medicine may cause dizziness or confusion in some people. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how it affects you. Most people can continue their daily activities with caution.

🛑 When to Stop This Medicine

Do not stop this medicine without consulting your doctor. Complete the full course as prescribed, even if you feel better. If you experience serious side effects, contact your doctor immediately.

📅 Long-Term Use Effects

Long-term use of metronidazole may rarely cause peripheral neuropathy, which can be irreversible. It may also increase the risk of certain infections due to changes in gut flora. Regular monitoring may be needed if used for prolonged periods. Diloxanide long-term effects are not well established. Use only as prescribed.

🌿 Non-Medicine Approaches

These can complement medicine but do not replace prescribed treatment.

Tinidazole

A similar antiprotozoal with a longer half-life and simpler dosing.

Evidence: Well-established
Paromomycin

A luminal amoebicide used for mild intestinal amoebiasis.

Evidence: Established

💉 Vaccination Considerations

💉 If You're Getting Vaccinated

No specific vaccine interactions are known. However, live vaccines should be avoided during acute infection. Consult your doctor.

📦 Storage Guide

✅ DO

Store at room temperature (15-30°C)

❌ DON'T

Do not refrigerate unless specified

✅ DO

Keep in original container

❌ DON'T

Do not transfer to unmarked containers

✅ DO

Keep away from direct sunlight

❌ DON'T

Do not store in bathroom cabinet

✈️ Traveling with This Medicine

Carry this medicine in its original packaging with a copy of your prescription. Store at room temperature and protect from light and moisture. If traveling across time zones, adjust dosing schedule as advised by your doctor. Avoid alcohol during travel. Check customs regulations for carrying prescription medicines.

💰 Cost Analysis & Savings

👥 Real Patient Stories

Educational, anonymized scenarios. Individual results may vary.

👤 A 35-year-old man with amoebic dysentery
He was prescribed this medicine for bloody diarrhea and abdominal cramps. After 3 days, his symptoms improved significantly. He completed the 7-day course as advised and avoided alcohol. He recovered fully with no relapse.
💡 Lesson: Completing the full course and avoiding alcohol are key to successful treatment.
👤 A 28-year-old woman with giardiasis
She had persistent diarrhea and bloating for two weeks. She was diagnosed with giardiasis and started on this medicine. She experienced mild nausea initially, which reduced when she took it with food. Her symptoms resolved after 5 days.
💡 Lesson: Taking the medicine with food helps reduce nausea and improves tolerability.

💬 Questions Patients Often Ask

Q: How long does it take to work?

A: Symptom improvement usually begins within 24 to 48 hours, but you must complete the full course as prescribed.

Q: Can I take this medicine with food?

A: Yes, taking it with food helps reduce stomach upset and nausea.

Q: What should I do if I miss a dose?

A: Take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Q: Is this medicine safe during pregnancy?

A: It is not recommended during the first trimester unless clearly needed. Consult your doctor if you are pregnant or planning pregnancy.

Q: Can I drink alcohol while taking this medicine?

A: No, alcohol must be strictly avoided during treatment and for at least 48 hours after the last dose.

🤔 Common Patient Concerns

💭 These are the concerns patients most commonly raise

  • Can I take this medicine long-term?
  • Will it affect my kidney function?
  • Can I drive after taking this medicine?
  • Does it interact with my blood pressure medicine?
  • What if I miss a dose?
  • Can I drink alcohol while taking this?

🔄 Substitutes for a nil tablet

View All

Alternative brands with exact same active ingredient:

Medical Note: Always consult your doctor before switching medications.

🛑 Myths vs. Facts

  • Myth: This medicine can cure any diarrhea.
    Fact: It only treats specific parasitic and anaerobic infections. It is not effective for viral or most bacterial diarrheas.
  • Myth: You can stop taking it once you feel better.
    Fact: You must complete the full course to prevent relapse and resistance.
  • Myth: It is safe to drink alcohol while on this medicine.
    Fact: Alcohol can cause a severe reaction and must be avoided completely.

🔄 Alternative Options

Generic Alternatives

  • Metronidazole 200 mg + Diloxanide 250 mg tablet

📊 Comparison with Similar Medicines

MedicineCompositionUsesNotes
This medicineMetronidazole 200 mg + Diloxanide 250 mgAmoebiasis, giardiasisCombination for luminal and tissue amoebicide action.
Metronidazole aloneMetronidazole 200-400 mgAmoebiasis, giardiasis, anaerobic infectionsDoes not provide luminal amoebicide coverage.
TinidazoleTinidazole 500 mgAmoebiasis, giardiasisLonger half-life, simpler dosing.

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