What is it?
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a condition where the force of blood against the artery walls is consistently too high. Over time, this increased pressure can cause serious health problems, such as heart disease and stroke.
Causes
- Genetic factors
- Poor diet high in salt, fat, and cholesterol
- Physical inactivity
- Obesity
- Chronic kidney disease
- Excessive alcohol consumption
- Stress
Symptoms
- Often no symptoms (silent condition)
- Headaches
- Dizziness
- Shortness of breath
- Blurred vision
Risk Factors
- Family history of hypertension
- Older age
- Being overweight
- Unhealthy lifestyle habits
Prevention
- Maintain a healthy diet with reduced salt intake
- Engage in regular exercise
- Limit alcohol consumption
- Avoid smoking
- Manage stress
Diet Tips
- Follow the DASH diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)
- Increase fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
- Limit processed and fatty foods
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is made using a blood pressure monitor. Readings consistently above 130/80 mmHg indicate hypertension.
Treatment
- Lifestyle changes
- Medications such as diuretics, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers
- Regular monitoring
When to See a Doctor
Seek medical advice if blood pressure remains high despite lifestyle changes or if you experience symptoms like severe headache, chest pain, or shortness of breath.
FAQs
- Can hypertension be cured? It cannot be cured but can be controlled effectively with treatment and lifestyle changes.
- Is it hereditary? Yes, family history plays a role.
Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.