Teneligliptin is a potent, long-acting, orally active dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is characterized by a unique J-shaped structure and a long plasma half-life, allowing for once-daily dosing. It works by increasing the levels of active incretin hormones (GLP-1 and GIP), which stimulate glucose-dependent insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and suppress glucagon secretion from alpha cells.
Adult: The recommended dose is 20 mg once daily, with or without food.
Note: Tablet should be swallowed whole with a glass of water. Can be taken at any time of the day, but preferably at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood levels. Not affected by food.
Teneligliptin selectively and competitively inhibits the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). DPP-4 rapidly degrades the endogenous incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). By inhibiting DPP-4, teneligliptin increases and prolongs the circulating levels of active incretins.
Pregnancy: Category B2 (Australian Category). Animal studies have not shown teratogenicity, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Insulin is the preferred agent for glycemic control during pregnancy.
Driving: Teneligliptin by itself is unlikely to affect driving ability. However, patients should be cautioned about the risk of dizziness and hypoglycemia (especially in combination therapy), which may impair concentration and reaction time.
| Strong CYP3A4 Inducers (e.g., Rifampicin, Carbamazepine, Phenytoin) | May decrease plasma concentration of teneligliptin, reducing its efficacy. | Moderate |
| Strong CYP3A4 Inhibitors (e.g., Ketoconazole, Itraconazole, Clarithromycin) | May increase plasma concentration of teneligliptin. However, due to its wide therapeutic index, dose adjustment is not typically required. | Mild |
| Insulin or Sulfonylureas (e.g., Glimepiride, Glipizide) | Increased risk of hypoglycemia. May require dose reduction of insulin/sulfonylurea. | Moderate to High |
| Digoxin | Teneligliptin may slightly increase digoxin concentration. Monitor digoxin levels. | Mild |