Periwin-AM

Perindopril erbumine (8mg) + Indapamide (2.5mg)
Price: ₹95 - ₹165 for 10 tablets strip (8mg+2.5mg)
Mfr: Macleods Pharmaceuticals Ltd. | Form: Tablet

📋 Clinical Overview

A fixed-dose combination (FDC) antihypertensive medication containing an ACE inhibitor (Perindopril) and a thiazide-like diuretic (Indapamide). It provides synergistic blood pressure lowering through complementary mechanisms, offering improved efficacy and adherence compared to monotherapy. It is a first-line treatment for essential hypertension, especially in patients requiring more than one drug to achieve target BP.

💊 Dosage & Administration

Adult: One tablet (Perindopril 8mg + Indapamide 2.5mg) once daily, preferably in the morning. Initiation with lower strength (e.g., 4mg+1.25mg) may be considered.

Note: Swallow whole with a glass of water, with or without food. Preferably taken in the morning to avoid nocturia. Ensure adequate hydration but avoid excessive fluid intake.

⚠️ Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to Perindopril, Indapamide, other sulfonamide-derived drugs, or any excipient
  • History of angioedema related to previous ACE inhibitor therapy
  • Anuria, severe renal impairment (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m²)
  • Refractory hypokalemia, hyponatremia
  • Severe hepatic impairment or hepatic encephalopathy
  • Pregnancy (2nd & 3rd trimesters), women planning pregnancy

🔬 Mechanism of Action

Perindopril inhibits Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE), reducing conversion of Angiotensin I to potent vasoconstrictor Angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation, decreased aldosterone secretion (reducing sodium/water retention), and increased bradykinin levels. Indapamide inhibits sodium reabsorption in the early distal convoluted tubule, promoting natriuresis and diuresis, reducing plasma and extracellular fluid volume. The combination reduces peripheral vascular resistance and blood volume synergistically.

🤕 Side Effects

  • Persistent dry cough (due to Perindopril)
  • Dizziness, lightheadedness, headache
  • Fatigue, asthenia
  • Nausea, epigastric discomfort
  • Mild electrolyte disturbances (hypokalemia, hyponatremia)

🤰 Special Populations

Pregnancy: CONTRANDICATED in 2nd and 3rd trimesters (Category D). Can cause fetal injury, oligohydramnios, neonatal skull hypoplasia, renal failure, and death. Discontinue as soon as pregnancy detected. 1st trimester use should be avoided (Category C).

Driving: Caution advised, especially during initiation and dose adjustment, due to potential for dizziness, lightheadedness, or fatigue.

🔄 Drug Interactions

Potassium-sparing diuretics (Spironolactone, Amiloride)Increased risk of severe hyperkalemiaMajor
LithiumIncreased lithium toxicity (reduced renal clearance)Major
NSAIDs (e.g., Ibuprofen, Diclofenac)Reduced antihypertensive effect, risk of acute renal failure, hyperkalemiaMajor
Other Antihypertensives (Beta-blockers, CCBs)Additive hypotensive effectModerate
Antidiabetics (Insulin, Sulfonylureas)Indapamide may alter glucose control; Perindopril may enhance hypoglycemic effectModerate
DigoxinHypokalemia from Indapamide increases risk of digoxin toxicityModerate
Corticosteroids (Systemic)Increased risk of hypokalemiaModerate
AllopurinolIncreased risk of hypersensitivity reactionsModerate

🔁 Alternatives to Periwin-AM

Same composition (Perindopril erbumine (8mg) + Indapamide (2.5mg)), different brands:

Coversyl-AM Perindopril-IP + Indapamide Perigard-AM P-Indap Periplus