Nizonide

Norfloxacin (400mg) + Tinidazole (600mg)
Price: ₹80 - ₹120 for strip of 10 tablets
Mfr: Cipla Ltd. | Form: Tablet

📋 Clinical Overview

A fixed-dose combination (FDC) of a second-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic (Norfloxacin) and a nitroimidazole antimicrobial (Tinidazole). This combination provides broad-spectrum coverage against both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, as well as protozoa, making it highly effective in treating mixed gastrointestinal and genitourinary infections common in the Indian context. It is widely prescribed for infectious diarrhea, giardiasis, and amebiasis.

💊 Dosage & Administration

Adult: One tablet (Norfloxacin 400mg + Tinidazole 600mg) twice daily for 5-7 days. For giardiasis/amebiasis: Often prescribed as once or twice daily for 3-5 days, as per severity.

Note: Take tablet with a full glass of water, preferably 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals for optimal absorption. Do not crush or chew. Maintain adequate hydration. Avoid concomitant administration with antacids, sucralfate, or iron/zinc supplements (separate by 2-4 hours).

⚠️ Contraindications

  • History of hypersensitivity to Norfloxacin, other quinolones, Tinidazole, or other nitroimidazoles
  • Patients with a history of tendonitis/tendon rupture associated with quinolone use
  • Pregnancy (first trimester)
  • Breastfeeding
  • History of blood dyscrasias

🔬 Mechanism of Action

Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) and topoisomerase IV, enzymes essential for DNA replication, transcription, and repair, leading to rapid bactericidal activity. Tinidazole enters microbial cells, undergoes nitro-reduction to form cytotoxic intermediates that damage DNA and inhibit nucleic acid synthesis, leading to cell death in anaerobic bacteria and protozoa.

🤕 Side Effects

  • Nausea
  • Metallic/bitter taste in mouth (Tinidazole)
  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Abdominal discomfort
  • Diarrhea (including C. difficile associated diarrhea)

🤰 Special Populations

Pregnancy: CONTRANDICATED, especially in first trimester. Tinidazole is mutagenic in bacteria and carcinogenic in rodents. Norfloxacin causes arthropathy in immature animals. Use only if potential benefit justifies extreme risk to fetus (FDA Category C).

Driving: May impair mental alertness and physical coordination. Can cause dizziness, vertigo, and visual disturbances. Patients should not drive or operate machinery until their response is known.

🔄 Drug Interactions

Antacids (Al, Mg, Ca), Sucralfate, Iron/Zinc SaltsMarkedly reduce absorption of Norfloxacin due to chelationMajor
WarfarinTinidazole may inhibit metabolism, increasing INR and bleeding riskMajor
TheophyllineNorfloxacin may inhibit metabolism, increasing theophylline levels and toxicityMajor
CyclosporineNorfloxacin may increase cyclosporine levels, risk of nephrotoxicityModerate
NSAIDs (e.g., Ibuprofen)May increase risk of CNS stimulation and seizures with NorfloxacinModerate
Oral Hypoglycemics (e.g., Glyburide)Tinidazole may potentiate effect, risk of hypoglycemiaModerate
Phenobarbital, PhenytoinMay increase metabolism of Tinidazole, reducing its efficacyModerate
AlcoholDisulfiram-like reaction with Tinidazole (flushing, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia)Major

🔁 Alternatives to Nizonide

Same composition (Norfloxacin (400mg) + Tinidazole (600mg)), different brands:

Noritine Norflox TZ Norlet TZ Tinibact-N