Iohexol (350mg) is a non-ionic, low-osmolar, water-soluble iodinated contrast medium used for intravascular and intrathecal radiographic procedures. It is a second-generation contrast agent with a favorable safety profile due to its low osmolality (approximately 780 mOsm/kg water for the 350 mgI/mL concentration), which reduces the risk of pain, heat sensation, and hemodynamic disturbances compared to older ionic agents. It is widely used in Indian clinical practice for diagnostic imaging.
Adult: Dose is volume-based and depends on the procedure, patient weight, and imaging modality. Typical ranges: IV Urography: 40-100 mL; CT Body: 50-150 mL; Angiography: Varies by vessel (e.g., 5-40 mL per injection). Maximum single dose should generally not exceed the recommended volume for the specific procedure.
Note: For intravascular use: Administer as a bolus injection or via power injector at specified flow rates. Use strict aseptic technique. Pre-warming to body temperature reduces viscosity. For intrathecal use: Strictly follow specific myelography protocols regarding patient positioning and injection site. NEVER use the same vial for both intravascular and intrathecal procedures. Always aspirate to confirm needle placement before injection.
Iohexol is a radiopaque substance. Its high iodine content (350 mg of organically bound iodine per mL) absorbs X-rays, creating a density difference between tissues/fluid spaces containing the contrast and surrounding structures. This enhances visualization of blood vessels, body cavities, and the urinary tract during radiographic procedures like CT scans, angiography, and urography.
Pregnancy: Category B. Iodinated contrast agents cross the placenta and enter the fetal circulation. Use only if clearly needed and the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Fetal thyroid function may be affected if used after 12 weeks of gestation.
Driving: Patients may experience dizziness or vasovagal reactions. It is advisable not to drive or operate machinery until any such effects have completely resolved, typically a few hours after the procedure.
| Metformin | Increased risk of lactic acidosis if contrast-induced nephropathy occurs. Metformin should be withheld prior to and after the procedure per specific guidelines. | High |
| Other Nephrotoxic drugs (Aminoglycosides, NSAIDs, Amphotericin B) | Additive risk of acute kidney injury. | High |
| Beta-blockers (especially non-selective) | May blunt the response to treatment for anaphylactoid reactions (e.g., epinephrine). | Moderate |
| Interleukin-2 | Increased risk of delayed adverse reactions to contrast media. | Moderate |
| Diuretics (especially loop diuretics) | May exacerbate dehydration and increase risk of CIN. | Moderate |
Same composition (Iohexol (350mg)), different brands: