A fixed-dose ophthalmic solution combining a first-generation antihistamine (Chlorpheniramine Maleate), a decongestant (Naphazoline), an astringent/antiseptic (Zinc Sulphate), and a mild antiseptic/tonicity agent (Boric Acid). It is primarily indicated for the symptomatic relief of allergic conjunctivitis and minor eye irritations. The formulation provides rapid relief from itching, redness, and watering of the eyes.
Adult: One to two drops instilled into the affected eye(s) every 4 to 6 hours, or as directed by a physician. Do not exceed 4-6 instillations per day.
Note: 1. Wash hands before use. 2. Tilt head back, pull lower eyelid down to form a pouch. 3. Instill the prescribed number of drops without touching the dropper tip to the eye or any surface. 4. Close eyes gently for 1-2 minutes, applying gentle pressure to the inner corner of the eye (nasolacrimal occlusion) to minimize systemic absorption. 5. Wait at least 5-10 minutes before instilling any other eye medication.
Chlorpheniramine Maleate competitively antagonizes histamine at the H1 receptor, blocking the effects of histamine release (vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, itching) in allergic conjunctivitis. Naphazoline is a direct-acting sympathomimetic that stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors in the conjunctival vasculature, causing vasoconstriction, which reduces redness and edema. Zinc Sulphate exerts a mild astringent effect, precipitating proteins and reducing exudation, and has weak antiseptic properties. Boric Acid provides a mild bacteriostatic and fungistatic environment, helps maintain the pH of the solution, and acts as a tonicity-adjusting agent.
Pregnancy: Category C (US FDA). Animal reproduction studies not conducted. Use only if potential benefit justifies potential risk to the fetus, especially due to Naphazoline's vasoconstrictive properties. Avoid in first trimester unless absolutely necessary.
Driving: May cause transient blurred vision, drowsiness, or dizziness. Patients should not drive or operate machinery until their vision is clear and they are sure the medication does not affect them adversely.
| Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) e.g., Phenelzine, Tranylcypromine | Potentiation of pressor effects of Naphazoline, leading to severe hypertension. | Major |
| Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) e.g., Amitriptyline | Additive anticholinergic effects (dry eyes, urinary retention) and potentiation of pressor effects. | Moderate |
| Beta-blockers (Ophthalmic e.g., Timolol, Systemic) | Potential additive effect on heart rate and blood pressure; may blunt reflex tachycardia. | Moderate |
| Other Antihistamines (Oral/Topical) | Additive sedative and anticholinergic effects. | Moderate |
| Sympathomimetics (e.g., Phenylephrine, Pseudoephedrine) | Additive adrenergic effects, increasing risk of hypertension and tachycardia. | Moderate |
Same composition (Chlorpheniramine Maleate (0.01% w/v) + Naphazoline (0.056% w/v) + Zinc Sulphate Monohydrate (0.12% w/v) + Boric Acid (1.25% w/v)), different brands: