Augmentin (Generic)

Amoxycillin (500mg) + Clavulanic Acid (125mg)
Price: ₹110 - ₹190 for 6 tablets strip (500/125)
Mfr: Cipla Ltd. (as 'Augmentin' is trademarked by GSK, Cipla markets under different names like 'Augmentin' is not generic. For Cipla: 'Ciplamox CV') | Form: Tablet, Dry Syrup

📋 Clinical Overview

A fixed-dose combination antibiotic consisting of Amoxycillin, a broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic, and Clavulanic Acid, a beta-lactamase inhibitor. This combination extends the spectrum of Amoxycillin to include beta-lactamase-producing bacteria, making it effective against many resistant strains. It is a first-line treatment for a wide range of community-acquired bacterial infections in India.

💊 Dosage & Administration

Adult: One tablet (500mg/125mg) every 12 hours. For severe infections (e.g., pneumonia) or those caused by less susceptible organisms: One tablet every 8 hours.

Note: Swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water. Preferably take at the start of a meal to enhance absorption and minimize gastrointestinal upset. Complete the full prescribed course even if symptoms improve.

⚠️ Contraindications

  • History of a severe hypersensitivity reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome) to any penicillin, beta-lactam antibiotic, or clavulanic acid.
  • History of Amoxycillin/Clavulanate-associated cholestatic jaundice or hepatic dysfunction.

🔬 Mechanism of Action

Amoxycillin binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) on the bacterial cell wall, inhibiting the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis. This leads to activation of autolytic enzymes, causing cell lysis and death. Clavulanic acid has negligible intrinsic antibacterial activity but irreversibly inhibits a wide range of beta-lactamase enzymes (e.g., TEM-1, SHV-1) produced by bacteria, thereby protecting Amoxycillin from degradation.

🤕 Side Effects

  • Diarrhea / Loose stools
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Abdominal discomfort
  • Candidiasis (oral/vaginal)

🤰 Special Populations

Pregnancy: Category B (US FDA). Considered generally safe. Extensive use in pregnant women has not shown increased risk of malformations. Use only if clearly needed, as per physician's advice.

Driving: May cause dizziness. Patients should not drive or operate machinery if they experience dizziness.

🔄 Drug Interactions

ProbenecidDecreases renal tubular secretion of Amoxycillin, increasing and prolonging its blood levels.Moderate
AllopurinolIncreases the incidence of non-allergic skin rash.Moderate
Oral ContraceptivesMay reduce efficacy due to altered gut flora; advise use of non-hormonal backup contraception.Moderate
Warfarin/AcenocoumarolMay potentiate anticoagulant effect, increasing INR and risk of bleeding.Major
MethotrexateReduces renal clearance of methotrexate, increasing risk of toxicity.Major
Mycophenolate MofetilMay reduce plasma concentration of the active metabolite (MPA).Moderate

🔁 Alternatives to Augmentin (Generic)

Same composition (Amoxycillin (500mg) + Clavulanic Acid (125mg)), different brands:

Augmentin Moxikind-CV Mega-CV Clavam