Amino Acids (5% w/v) is a sterile, hypertonic, intravenous solution containing a balanced mixture of essential and non-essential L-amino acids, providing 5 grams of amino acids per 100 ml. It is a fundamental parenteral nutrition solution designed to provide nitrogen for protein synthesis, correct negative nitrogen balance, and support anabolism in patients unable to meet protein requirements via the enteral route. In the Indian context, it is a critical component of hospital-based nutritional support, widely used in surgical, critical care, and gastroenterology settings.
Adult: 0.8 to 1.5 grams of amino acids per kg of body weight per day, adjusted based on nutritional status, stress level, and nitrogen balance. Typically infused over 12-24 hours as part of a TPN regimen. Example: For a 60 kg patient: 48-90 g/day, equivalent to 960-1800 ml of 5% solution.
Note: For central venous administration only. Must be mixed with dextrose, lipids, electrolytes, vitamins, and trace elements in a 3-in-1 or 2-in-1 TPN bag under aseptic conditions. Administer via an infusion pump at a constant rate. Do not infuse peripherally unless specifically diluted to near-isotonicity, which is not standard for 5% w/v. Never administer as a rapid bolus.
Provides exogenous L-amino acids, which serve as the building blocks for endogenous protein synthesis. By supplying essential amino acids that cannot be synthesized by the body, it reverses catabolism, promotes positive nitrogen balance, supports wound healing, and maintains cellular and humoral immune function. It spares endogenous protein from being used as an energy source when given with adequate calories.
Pregnancy: Category C: Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted. Use only if clearly needed, such as in severe hyperemesis gravidarum with malnutrition. Benefits must outweigh risks. Monitor fluid and electrolyte balance closely.
Driving: No effect. Treatment is administered in a hospital setting.
| Corticosteroids (e.g., Prednisolone) | Increased protein catabolism and hyperglycemia; may antagonize anabolic effect. | Moderate |
| Tetracyclines | May complex with calcium and other divalent cations in the solution, reducing antibiotic efficacy. Do not mix in same line. | Major |
| Insulin | Amino acids stimulate insulin secretion. Requirement for exogenous insulin may increase to control TPN-induced hyperglycemia. | Moderate |
| Levothyroxine | Amino acid infusion may affect thyroid function tests. | Minor |
Same composition (Amino Acids (5% w/v)), different brands: